Potash - he ... haʻilula a me ka noi o ka potash

Potash - o ka inoa ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa o ka waiwai i chemists kahea aku potasiuma kalepona. Kēia paakai ua ike ia kanaka mai ka wā kahiko, e like me ka mea ua hookomoia iloko o ka lehu. Mua, ua haawiia i keia olelo i ke koena maloo ma hope o ke omoāea o ka'ā laau pāʻoihana. No laila, i ua manawaʻike e pili ana i potasiuma?

haʻilula

Kekahi inoa no keia waiwai - potash. A me kona Nine Inch haʻilula ua palapala like - K ₂ CO _3. Ua ho i ka awelike potasiuma paakai a me ka carbonicʻakika. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ka potash pāʻoihana mea iʻakika a walaʻauʻana, ka mea'ākilikai. No ka lōʻihi manawa ka mea, ua mokuahana ua me (baking soda) - NaHCO _3.

I ka moolelo o ka loaʻa a me ka hoʻopaʻa

O ka holo ana,ʻaʻole kākou iʻike i kaʻoiaʻiʻo, aʻo ka potash mua, e like me kona iʻike i ka wa kahiko Greece a me ka Roma. A laila, ka mea i loaʻa hou mai ai ka lehu, a hoʻohana 'ia no ka holoi. He 'ike ia i ka lōʻihi manawa ka mea, ua mokuahana ua me kekahi waiwai - potasiuma bicarbonate. Ka ninau (baking soda), potash - pu ka mea, i kapaʻia e kona'ākilikai a'ākilikai paʻakai. Maopopo ma waena o lākou, i lilo ai i loko o ka XVIII-XIX kenekulia. No ka mea manawa mua ikea ae la ia i ka 1759, ka wā Manuela Marggraf ike ia soda mea he'ākilikai mea pōhaku, ana potasiuma - mea kanu. A ma ka 1807 Gemfri Devi hoʻokumu i ka Nine Inch haku mele 'ana o kēlā me kēia no kēia mau waiwai.

Ka mua olelo ai o Iosepa i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o potash i kapa i ka XIV kenekulia. Ka nui loa poʻe i aia ma Kelemania, a me ka Scandinavian'āina. Potasiuma kalepona Ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ke kopa nā hale hana, lole hana, dyeing mea kanu. Ma ka XV kenekulia i loko o ka Competition me Rusia. Before mea līkaia potash, mai ka lehu i i ike pehea, akā, wale hoʻolilo i nā huahana o ka'ā a me ka, no ka laʻana, upa makani. Aniani hana nā ma Rusia, a ma kahi e aku ua kekahi pono ma keia mea. Koi la, a ulu ae la, a kaumaha aku ia ia.

Ma ke ala, i ka inoa "potash" - ia Aloha pono he hoʻomaoe hou akulaʻo ano o kona? Iecaianoaaiiuo i kahiko. Ka mea o ia ma Roma ka mea kani e like potassa, i ka huli mea he kuʻi nukeliu o ka hua'ōlelo "lehu" a me ka "ipu".

Nine a me physical waiwai

Ma ka papa o ka ho okolohua me keia waiwai, nä känaka 'epekema loaa' ike e pili ana i kēia mau 'ole' ē aʻe ano hoʻomaopop 'ana i loko o laila. I kēia manawa, ua ike ia, ma lalo o maʻamau rula, maemae potash - he puaʻa hiwa paʻa i loko o ka palapala o ka colorless nā pōaka a he keʻokeʻo ka pauka. Kona pa apŘ - 2,43 g. / Knm ^3. potasiuma kalepona Heheʻe Mahana - 891 kekelē Kelekia. Ua loaʻa kiʻekiʻe hygroscopicity.

Kēia substance mea,ʻaʻole he Naita me ia a me ke ahi p ÷ ino. I ka hui 'ana me nā huaʻili paha mucousʻili lahilahi irritant. Penei, ka mea e pili ana i ke kolu o ka papa o ka pilikia.

ʻano likeʻole a me nā 'ano apau loa

Aia he mau ke ano o ka potash: calcined a me ka polutoravodny. Akä naÿe, i ka lua, o ka mua palapala kekahi i wai - ma calcining ia evaporates a lawe aku oe i ke aloha waiwai, kūpono ma ka pāʻoihana o ke potasiuma kalepona o kēiaʻano i loa colorless.

Eia hou, i ka hoʻokae ua i waena o potasiuma a me nāʻano likeʻole hoʻokuʻu wale ekolu. Ka mea e like ai o ka huina hoonui hope hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka maʻiʻo o impurities e like me ka hao, Aluminum, chlorides, paʻakai, a sulfates. No hoi ia i loko o ka wā no ka lanakila i ka papa hū hapa iki o ka precipitated sludge ma ka pāʻoihana a me ke poho ma ka mea hō'ā kaʻa.

pōʻalo

Oiai ka hoʻohanaʻana i potash mea,ʻaʻole i loko o ia o ka papakaukau me ka unahiʻole, e like me ka mea i ka pela me ka (baking soda), ka mea, ua nō 'Imi i hoʻohanaʻia e kanaka. Akā, ma luna o nā mea a pau e pono e kiʻi. Ma uuku mea mea hiki ke hanaia a hiki ma ka hale.

Mua o nā mea a pau e pono e kiʻi i ko lākou mau lima ma luna o ka lehu o ke kanu kumu. Alaila, ia mea pono e hoike mai ia i loko o ka kekahi nui o ka wela o ka wai, ua nānā, hoonaukiuki keia mea a kali i kekahi manawa. Next, e hoʻomaka e evaporate potash pāʻoihana me ka läÿau, o ke aloha 'ona mea i kimu o nā pōaka. Maoli ai, potasiuma kalepona, koho 'ia ma ka like ano, ma laila e e ka high quality, a me ka hoʻoikaika hoolilo nui nui like ai i ka uku. No laila, o ka papa, ma ka hanalima me ka unahiʻole a pau, he okoa.

Penei, he koʻana koko potasiuma kalepona pāʻoihana ua reacted me CO _2, e hiki aku ai i ke kahua o KHCO _3. Ia, ma ka huli, Ua pii kai, a me he mea wai a me ke kalapona'okikene lua excretion i loko o ke koena - hoʻomaka potash.

Aia i kekahi mau aoao, e loaa ia mea, akā, i ka simplest a loa ka hoʻokō i ka poe i hoakakaia mamua.

aaioee

E like me ua oleloia, loaʻa nō nāʻano o ka potash - calcined a me ka polutoravodny. Pehea, laila, potasiuma kalepona aaioee ia lŘlŘ no kekahi a me kekahi? Ueo?

Mua o nā mea a pau, ka mea i ĸokoĸa ana nä pane i ka haʻilula. Polutoravodny nana e like: K ₂ CO ₃ + 1,5H ₂ O, a laila ka mea, na ka wai initially. Eia naʻe, ia mea e oi hygroscopic ma mua o maʻamau. Mai keia palapala hiki ke hoomakaukauia, a anhydrous palapala - he lepo lā he nui kūpono ke paio hahana maoli i 130-160 kekelē Kelekia.

Calcined palapala i loaa i loko o ka aaioee o potasiuma kalepona, loaa ma ke omoāea o ka lehu pāʻoihana ma ka lāʻau vats. Kēia waiwai i ole loa maemae, pela no ia e kekahi calcined paha calcined. Ma hope mai i kekahi o kēia mau kaʻina hana, potasiuma kalepona keʻokeʻo he lepo lā ua loaa, a me kona kākoʻo pāʻoihana ua - loa colorless. Ma keia hihia, me ka lako e 'aʻole i loaʻa ka wai.

i ka hoʻohana 'ana o

Ua Ua lōʻihi Ua a nō potasiuma kalepona i loko o nā 'ano apau loa ana i ka lehulehu, na hana, a me ka loaʻokoʻa keʻano o. No ka laʻana, i kona kupanaha akamai, e huikala ai ua no hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka hana ana o ke kopa a me nā hale Nine Inch.

Eia hou kekahi, potash - antifreeze mea hoʻonui i ka lepo. E like me ia, ka mea e leie aku nā mea huihuina e e oi hoʻopale i ka anu, aʻo ka mea e hiki ai ke hoʻomau i ke kūkulu a hiki i 'ano haʻahaʻa mahana. Kona nui ia Morohiha maluna o like huahana mea ia ia, aole ia e i ka popopo o nā hale, e like me ke kahua o ka efflorescence, a hiki loli i ka ikaika o ka 'ole.

Mau nō potasiuma kalepona hoʻohana ma o ka hana o ke aniani aniani, a no kiʻekiʻe-kbps optics. E puku i aku la ia ia i loko o kēia mea ole. Aole hoi mea ma laila kekahi analogues o keia waiwai, no ka mea hoike, ma ka hana o refractory aniani.

Pinepine potash - he kala ke keʻena i loko o ka Nine Inch hana ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia e ka hoʻokemu hydrogen sulfide mai kinoea nā mea huihuina - me keia kona Makuakane nui maikaʻi ma mua o soda. Aiaʻo ia, a me ka wahi i loko o ka mea lāʻau lapaʻau hana: potasiuma kalepona ua komo i loko o kekahi reactions, a ma kekahi mau wahi hou like me kaʻaoʻao kanawai. Kekahi wahi o ka palapala noi - ahi hana. I keia waiwai ua malamaia lakou nei, lāʻau hale, ma laila mahuahua lākou ahi ea.

He kahaha ko oukou naau, aka, potash - ia mea no hoi he ai mea hoʻonui. His kuhi - E501 no laila, i ka mea a pau a hiki i ka papa o E. No ka ana ka mea i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka confectionery hana, no ka mea hoike, ma ka hana o ka gingerbread. I ka malamalama hana, keia waiwai ua i komo i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka tanning.

Eia hoi, ke kiʻekiʻe ka manaʻolana 'ia o ka palapala noi o potash i loko o ka hana o ka chlorine-noa potasiuma fertilizers. Ka lehu i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o kēia loa aku nei, akā, i loko o nā makahiki, ia auou caiaiai i ka ua kahikoia a nani hanalima? Iecaianoaaiiie. Paha i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ma kahi o ka hana, e e pili ana ma ka pālākiō nui, ua lōʻihi ua ike a me ka mea emi nā palapala wā like me ka mea pōhaku fertilizers noi i keia la.

nā hiʻona

Like potash - e loa hygroscopic waiwai, kona'ōpala, pūnaewele a me ka halihali nō ma lalo o kūikawā ana. Nō kāu, i ka elima-, ahu iho i mau aa moni i hoʻohana no ka'ōpala o ka potasiuma kalepona. Na wale ala e pale hua'ōlelo i makemake ingress o ka wai i loko o keia waiwai.

Eia kekahi, surprisingly, hoʻowahāwahā i ka pono naoh me ka H ₂ O, ua pau loa ia mea hoʻoheheʻe potasiuma kalepona me ka acetone a me ka ethanol.