SanPiN: disinfection a me sterilization o ka 'inikua huahana

Ma Rusia, a pau na hui limahana ma ka 'inikua hana e e koi i ka hana e like me stringent mau hae, i waena o ka mea nui i wahi e kaili pono disinfection a me sterilization o ka' inikua manaʻo.

No ke aha la like me ka hae

I kēia lā, he nui loa, a hiki loa mai i ka lapaau kanaka kakauinoa i kau e like me nosocomial maʻiʻaʻai. Kēia nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ka mai a no ka mea, o kona 'āinana apau i ka' inikua kula, a hui kookoo ma ka hoʻokō 'ana i kā lākou mau hana. Wahi a ka 'ikepili helu, iʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau ka haukapilaʻo ka nui o ka hoʻoʻino complications ma hope ana, upena o 12-16% i loko o ka gynecological complications ma hope hana ana i loko o 11-14% o na wahine. Hope nana i ka 'ole o ka morbidity ua lilo i mea'ē aʻe e 7 i ka 14% o nā keiki i iho mailoko o loko o ka haukapilaʻo a me pediatric nā papa.

O ka holo ana, ua ke kumu hiki ke malama ole i loko o nā mea a pau 'inikua kulanui a me kā lākou prevalence mea e kaukaʻi ma na kumumea like me ke' ano o ke kula, 'ano o ke kokua, i ka nui o ka EYI maomeka o nosocomial nā mea palahēhē, kona' ole. E kū'ē i kēia kāʻei kua, kekahi o na kumu nui ole-i ho'ākāka 'ana, e pale aku i ka muli, a EYI o nosocomial nā mea palahēhē o ka disinfection a me ka sterilization o ka' inikua manaʻo.

hoʻokonukonu palapala

Ma kona hana, e alakaʻiʻia e nā koi enshrined i na rula a pau ola kino? Iae. Ke kumu o palapala o SanPin (disinfection a me sterilization o ka 'inikua huahana malaila ma ke kaʻawale pauku). Ua 'āpono' Latest hou i loko o ka makahiki 2010. Ua hoi e hoʻoholo i ka hana o iaeoaeuiiai eiiieaena e loaʻa ka mea kēia 'rula.

1. Law helu 52, a hai aku i ka epidemiological maluhia o ka heluna kanaka.
2. Mea № 408 (mea hoʻomaʻi hepatitis) o 12.07.1984.
3. Mea helu 720 (e hakakā nosocomial nā mea palahēhē).
4. Kauoha mai 03.09.1999, ka (ulu o ka disinfection).

OST "Sterilization a me disinfection o ka 'inikua manao maalea» № 42-21-2-85 mea no hoi i kekahi o na palapala papa kuhikuhiE hooponopono ana i ka aaioee o ka hae i na mea paahana. I ka mea, e alakaʻiʻia e nā mea a pau Ho 'Oponopono.

Eia hou, aia nō he nui helu o nā lula (HA), disinfection a me sterilization o ka 'inikua manao maalea ma i nānā akula au i, mai ke kuanaʻike o kekahi mau disinfectants ka mana no keia mea. I kēia lā, no ka mea ua nui kauoha aku apono ia ma ka misinformation. o ia hoʻi, kūpono lula 'ē aʻe he integral hapa o na palapala i i ka hana o ke ola iauaeoia ma lalo o kūkulu. I ka lā, ka mea maʻamau aaioee kila ninoieo o Kime Poʻokela kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao - disinfection, JI a me sterilization o ka 'inikua manaʻo.

disinfection

ua kapaia Disinfection he lākou o nā ana, e like me ka hopena o ka a na pathogens e luku i loko o ke kaiapuni mea. Mau nā 'ilikai (pā, palaoa, puka makani, paʻakikī lako, ili honua? Ieaoa), ola huahana (i hiloʻia, tableware, hui hoʻomaʻemaʻe? Ieaoa), e like me ke kino fluids, hoʻokaʻawale o nā mea maʻi, a no laila, ma luna o. D.

Ma nä ka kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai ua lawe mai hanana, i kapaia "mea nui disinfection." Kona pahuhopu mea, e luku aku i nā pathogens ponoi hoikeia-oaio? A. ʻO kēia mau 'ano o nā mea nui disinfection:

• ʻikena - i ka mea, ua lawe mai i loko o ka haukapilaʻo e pale aku i ka laha o ka maʻiʻaʻai;
• hope - paʻa ma hope o ke kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai ua kaʻawale, i ka mea he maʻi kanaka i hospitalized.

Eia hou, aia no he preventative disinfection. i lawe mai kona hana mau, nānā 'ole o ke kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai. Ka mea, nā lima holoi, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o ka a puni surfaces ka hoʻohana konohiki nona bactericidal mea hoʻonui.

disinfection ki ina hana like

Ke kaumaha ma muli o nā pahu hopu kēia disinfection ki ina hana like i hoʻohana:

• Mechanical: kēia mai nā 'kauoha me mechanical ana ma luna o ke kumuhana - wai, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe,' enehana hou mai a kikeke-mai kīhei pili - ia aole ia e pepehi i nā pathogens, akā, akā no ka manawa ho'ēmi i kā lākou helu;
• Helu: ultraviolet waiū, kiʻekiʻe a haahaa Mahana O Ke Kai - ma keia hihia i ka luku i ka hihia i loko o ka miomio o ka mahana a me ka waiū manawa;
• Kemika: ka make ana o pathogenic microorganisms me Nine Inch - i hooluuia, holoi ole e hoopii mai ai, nicaaiea Nine Inch pāʻoihana (ka loa, he pono ole, a efficient iaoia);
• kālaimeaola - ma keia hihia o ka hana ana o ka hoa o ka microorganism i ua koi 'ia e luku aku i ka (ka hapanui hoʻohana ma kūikawā bacteriological AYN);
• Hui - hiehie kekahi mau ano o ka disinfection.

OST "Sterilization a me disinfection o ka 'inikua manaʻo" 42-21-2-85 kuleana e hele ma ka disinfection kaʻina hana e ia i nā mea a me na mea paahana a me ka mea a ke hoʻomanawanui i ua ihe. I ola mālama iauaeoia no ka hana o ke kino ai 'ole Nine Inch disinfection hana. Ma luna o kona paʻa, i ka huina hoonui, ke kaumaha ma muli o ko lākou mākaʻikaʻi, e hoi hoʻokō ', ua hoʻopōaiapuni a hou-hoʻohana.

mālama '-sterilized maemae

Disinfection a me sterilization o ka 'inikua manao maalea no mau mea kani e e sterilized hoʻolako a hiki a me ka mālama'-, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a lawe wahi ma hope o ka disinfecting huahana. Ke kumu o keia anu u o ka hope loa me mechanical ana o residues o ka mea momona a me ka kumuʻiʻo contaminants e like me pharmaceuticals.

New SanPiN, disinfection a me sterilization o ka 'inikua huahana i ua noʻonoʻo ma ka au mamuli, ua hoakaka no ka mea, penei kuʻina o ka PSO.

1. Loko o 0.5 minuke ka huahana ua holoi ma lalo o ka wai kahe, e wehe koena disinfectant pāʻoihana.
2. Ma ka holoi wai, no ka mea? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka i wale i apono agena hoʻohana, eʻona nō nā huahana me ka piha kaiapuni. Ma ia hihia, ina ka mea, iloko o kekahi mau wahi o ka huina hoonui pono e dismantled, a eʻoiaʻiʻo i i piha me ke kākoʻo pāʻoihana na cavities a pau. Inā ka, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pāʻoihana mahana 50º waiū o 15 minuke.
3. Ma hope o kēlā me kēia manawa huahana i kekahi ruff a gauze tampon no 0.5 minuke holoi i loko o ka hookahi pāʻoihana.
4. Kahe ka wai holoiʻia me nā huahana. Duration holoiʻia me hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka hoʻohana hope ( "Astra", "Lotus" - 10 minuke "holo" - 5 "Biolot" - 3).
5. Holoiʻia ia i loko o ka wai i puhi ia no ka 30 kekona.
6. Maloʻo ana i loko o ka wela ea ka maloʻoʻana mau imu.

E hoomakaukau ai i ka, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pāʻoihana hoʻohana mea 5 g. O CMC ( "holomua", "Astra", "Lotus", "Biolot"), perhydrol 33% - 16 g., A 27,5% - 17 ua hoi ae i ka hana o ka 6% (85 g. ) a 3% (170 g) o ka hydrogen peroxide, potable wai - a hiki i 1 hano.

Hoikehonua, hana i hoʻohana no ka disinfection, e leie aku e hui pu iho la i ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka disinfection a me ka PCP. Ma keia hihia, ma hope o waiū 'ana i ka misinformation. ka pāʻoihana ua paa ershevanie mea paahana, a ma luna o - a pau na kuʻina mahope o JI.

mea e like ai hoʻoholo

JV, disinfection a me sterilization o ka 'inikua maalea, e hiki i pena literally pani ma ka anu u, ke uku nui nānā i ka mea e like ai ke kāohi o kēlā me kēia kahua o ka aaioee. E hana i kēia, alakaʻi i ka hāpana hooponopono i loko o ka wa e kaawale aku o ka lapaau ana koko huina hoonui, a me nā proteinaceous i huiʻia e like me ka pono o ka holoi detergents. Na Makuahine ua hoolilo i kekahi pakeneka o ka lapaau ana kani.

Phenolphthalein hookolokoloia e loiloi i ka loa i ka i pepa me ka detergent huahana ua, ua wehe 'ia, a i ua hoʻohana ma presterilizing, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. No ka mea, o kona mau hana ma luna o ka swab ua pili i kekahi poe he uuku o ka pau 1% phenolphthalein pāʻoihana, a laila, e holoi i nā huahana i makemake e hoao ai. Inā he mea he coloration a pink, i ka mea e like ai o ka holoi detergents manaoia lawa ole.

Disinfection a me sterilization o ka 'inikua manaʻo koi ka mālamaʻana i kēlā kahua, a me kekahi hāpana, a leie aku oe i ka Loiloi i pehea pono ka mea mua a me ke kapuai i ua lawe mai - ia azopiramovaya hāpana. Ua assesses ke alo a me ka wa e kaawale aku o ke koena koko ma luna o ia mau mea, a me ka ai '. No ka lawe ana mai kona koi azopirama pāʻoihana i ua moa hiki ke malamaia no ka 2 mahina i loko o ka Pahu Hau (ma ka mehana ea, i kēia wā ua hoopokole i kekahi mahina). A clouding o ka mea kemikala i loko o ka wa e kaawale aku o ka sediment aʻole e pili mai kona mea e like ai.

No ka mea hāpana pono ma mua o ka lawe mai i ka ia helu azopirama a me 3% hydrogen peroxide he hui, a noi aku la i hoao ai ma luna o ke koko i hookohu aku i. Keʻano o ka lila ano Hōʻike i ka mea kemikala hana - 'oe ke hoʻomaka i ka hōʻike. I keia mea kemikala hoomakaukauia huakaʻi o swab, a holoi i ka ili o ka mea paahana a me ka lako a pan. Nā huahana me puha auwai a, he mau kulu o ka mea kemikala ua waiho maloko, a ma ka hope o ka 1 minuke, loiloi i nā hualoaʻa, uku nānā 'ana i na ami. I ka hanana i loaʻa ua he lila kala like 'ole, i nā huli i loko o ka a pink-lilac kala like' ole, ascertain i ke alo o ke koko. Brownish kala like 'ole i ka' i ke alo o ka lepo a me ka poni - chlorinated waiwai.

No ka pono ka loiloi 'ana i nā hualoaʻa azopiramovoy hāpana e lawe i ka mooolelo kekahi mau aʻe:

• ka hāpana ua noʻonoʻo maikaʻi wale nō inā ua i hookohu aku i loko o ka minuke mua ma hope o ke noi ana o ka mea kemikala;
• hana pāʻoihana hiki ke hoʻohana wale no ka mea, elua no hora mua ma hope o sayings;
• huahana pono ia i mehana ea (ma luna o ka wela ili o ka hāpana e ole informative);
• ka nānā 'ana i ka hopena o ka huina hoonui ma a holoi iho la i ka hāpana i me ka wai a me ka hou ma lalo i ka huikala lawe predsteriztsionnoy.

I Ina o ka maikaʻi i nā hualoaʻa ma hope o nā Eia kekahi laʻana o ka'ōhui holoʻokoʻa hou malalo iho o ka io hopena.

sterilization

Sterilization o ke koe hope i loko o ka aaioee o ua mau huahana a i ka hui 'ana me kaʻeha ili o ka mucosa a me ke koko, e like me injectable hoomakaukau. Pela ka mea, he piha luku ana a pau ano o microorganisms, nā vegetative a me ka spore. E hali ana i nā manipulations pela i hooponopono ia au mamuli normative palapala MOH, e like me ka mea. Sterilization a me disinfection o ka 'inikua manaʻo ua hanaʻia e like me nā hōʻike' ana o ka 'inikua kukuluia'na, a me ko lakou manao. Mālama sterilized huahana, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka AEeAaOA e hiki mai ka lā a hiki i eono mahina.

sterilization ki ina hana like

Nā Papahana no ka disinfection a me sterilization o ka 'inikua manaʻo i kekahi mau mea okoa, mai kekahi i kekahi. Sterilization ua lawe mai ma ka kēia kiʻina hana:

• thermal - ea, mahu, glasperlenovy;
• Nine Inch - kinoea paha i kākoʻo pāʻoihana o Nine Inch;
• wai koko paha'okikene kolu;
• pāhawewe.

I ka 'inikua kulanui i IeAUPIIe, IAa IO mahu, ea, a Nine Inch ki ina hana like. Pela he nui ke keʻena o ka sterilization kaʻina hana o ka akahele ana o ka hoakaka ia keia (manawa, wela, puʻe). Aaeei disinfection a me sterilization o ka 'inikua manaʻo ua wae ke kaumaha ma muli o ka mea mai i ka workpiece ua i.

ea hana

Pela sterilized 'inikua mea, i na mea maalea a me na hapa o ka mea i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia, aniani a me ka mea pīlali laholio. Ma mua o ka sterilization kalapona ka huina hoonui e ke ho'ōla loa maloo.

ʻO kā mākou haiahū kūmau mai o ka wela i loko o kēia hana o ka sterilization e ole oi 3 ° C.

mahu hana

Mahu iaoiaeii mea ma kahi loihi ka loa hoʻomano hoʻohana ', aie i ka pōkole kalapona, i ka manawa kūpono o kona hoʻohana no ka sterilizing' atikala i ka wela ikepili koʻikoʻi mea (fabrics, sutures a me dressings, laholio huahana, ea, latex). Sterility ma keia iaoia ua loaʻa ma ka hoʻohana 'ana i mahu lako ma lalo o overpressure. Kēia ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka mahu sterilizer paha autoclave.

Likeʻole i loko o ka puʻuwai eia, yeieiae? Aeia i 2 kg / m², a me ka wela - 1-2 °.

Glasperlenovaya sterilization

Kōmike kākoʻo 'inikua kulanui i loko o nā makahiki ua hou me ka nui loa a me keia ua kaulana i loko o ka hope SP (disinfection a me sterilization o ka' inikua manaʻo). New sterilization hana, i i ua hoʻomano hoʻohana i loko o ka haukapilaʻo - ia glasperlenovaya sterilization. Ua Ua bapetizo me ka wela koʻi lipi ma ka meakino i 190 - 330 ° aniani lei. Ke sterilization kaʻina ai minuke, a ma hope o ka mea paahana Ua makaukau no ka hoʻohana. Ke downside o keia iaoia mea i ka mea hiki keʻuʻuku wale nō mea paahana, a hoomalu iho, no laila, ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o kuhikuhi kahua niho oihana.

Disinfection, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana, sterilization o ka 'inikua mea i nui nā kumumea i loko o ka kēia ola malama? Iae. Ma nā mea a pau i ka hana, e e lawe me ka pono, a i enshrined ma na rula i aponoia e ke Kuhina o Health mai, e hilinaʻi ma ka ola o nā nā mea maʻi a me ka 'inikua kookoo.