Where o Athos (mauna)? Hemolele Mountain: hōʻikeʻano kiʻekiʻe. Pehea e kiʻi ma laila? monasteries o ka mauna Athos

Ma kēia 'atikala e kamaʻilio pū mākou e pili ana i kekahi o na wahi loa kupaianaha a me ka maikai ma ka poepoe honua. Anei oe i ike i aupuni o Mount Athos? He aha hana mea kaulana? Kona poʻe e noho ana? Ma kēia a he nui nā nīnau mākou ho'āʻo e pane manawa.

wahi

Ano, e ka ike, i kahi o Mount Athos ma ka palapala 'āina. Ma ka akau mokuna o ka Aegean kai, ma Helene, o ka Peninsula mea he hana shape ua like no me ka lima me ka manamana lima ekolu. He Halkidiki. Kona loa hikina "manamana lima", i hiki no ka oi ma mua o kanaono kilomika - ia Athos. Mai ka hikina o ka mea, ua holoiʻia e ka deepwater awawa Ierisu. Ma ke komohana, ka mea, i kona poeleele uliuli wai o ke awawa o Singitikos. I ke kūkulu'ākau o ka Isthmus o Xerxes, akā, kokoke - i ke kulanakauhale kaulana o Ouranoupolis. Ma ia kekahi, i ka malihini, ka mea i hoihoi i loko o ka mauna Athos (Greece). Kona kiʻekiʻe - 2033 m.

Pehea e kiʻi ma laila?

Ua Ua aniiei? Ai ia oe ke hiki aku ia wale nō ma ka moana, ma ke kūʻaiʻana i ka balota ma luna o ka moku, e hiki mai ana i ke kai kūʻono o Daphne, ma ke awa. Mai 'aneʻi ma ka ala e hiki aku Kaili (ka hoʻomalu waena o ka monastic Repubalika). Mai ka hiki mai na makani ino mai ai iʻaneʻiʻano pinepine, i ka malihini, ka mea i ike i kahi Athos (mauna), oi paha he pōkole ke ala, e koho iʻaneʻi - ma Ouranoupoli. A, ano, no ka mea leʻaleʻa hapa - ka mōʻaukala o keia wahi.

Mōʻaukala o ka mauna Athos

Mai ka wā kahiko, i nohoiaʻi e Greek ohana o ka Athos Peninsula. Ma ka mea hele i ke kumu nui o? Ooia kai, a hoʻohuiʻia Greece me ka East.

Preservation o Documentary hoike o ke ola ma ka Peninsula kūlanakauhale (ʻikeʻia 1000 makahiki ma mua o ka hanau ana o Kristo). Ma na hana o ke kahiko nui kakaolelo (Thucydides a me Herodotus) e hōʻike 'ia ka inoa o kekahi o ia mau mea, e like me Olofiksos, Fissos, Kleone, Dion, Apollo, Akroafos. Ke mau wahi o kēia mau noho i ole i ua i.

I ka Athos ka mea mua devotees hiki aku, ke kulanakauhale, ka oi aku ma ke kiʻekiʻe (i ka heluna o 10 000 kanaka), ua mehameha.

Mount Athos - Hemolele Mountain

C inception o monasticism pinepine hoahānau noho ma ka mauna, i ke aloha i ka selfless haʻawina kapaʻia kēia mau wahi hemolele. Ka mea, e noho ana i loko oʻAigupita, Palesetina, Asia Minor, Suria. Ka hapanui o lakou, he mau kekahi i kekahi mau wahi i noho ai, ka home i kekahi mau mōneka, a me nā wahi e pili ana o ka hale e hoike ana i ka mea mua nui o kēia mau wahi.

Monasticism ma luna o ka mauna Athos

Ka moolelo kahiko o ka Ekalesia hākālia nō ia ma luna o Athos Kristiano hoomaka ae la e hai olelo aku i ka loa makuahine o ke Akua, ka mea i kēia wahi ma lalo o kona patronage.

Ano ia mea paakiki ke olelo aku ia i ka mua mōneka ma ka mauna Athos. Noiʻi manaʻo i loko o na ululaau o ka Peninsula ma ka hoomaau ana o ka poe Kristiano i kakahiaka nui o ka i puuhonua. Na kela poe kanaka ei kaua o ka poe enemi, i ka ikaika ka hoomaau luku kokoke a pau o na palapala i hiki hookahe mālamalama ma luna o ka loiloi mua pae o ka ola o ka monastic Repubalika. Kekahi kumu hoʻopiha i kēia holo lehulehu kaao. Maoli ai, ka mea hiki ole ke hookauwa na hoike i ka ikaika no kaʻepekema. Eia naʻe, he nui noiʻi manaoio i ka mua mōneka o ka Uhane Mountain (Mount Athos ua pono ia he wahi) hele mai i loko o nā lā o St Constantine.

Inā manaʻo 'oe i ka moolelo, Konstantin Veliky hoʻoholo i kūkulu i ka hou kapikala o ka Roma aupuni a pau ma luna o ka Athos Peninsula. Kela manawa, me ka piha kowali hana i unuhi aku la ia i hoʻokiwikā manao, i ka wa a ka Emperor hele mark - Bishop o ka wahi. He iā Constantine i keia wahi, ua wae mai ka Virgin iā ia iho. Haipule Auguseto Hoole mai i kona manaʻoi hāpai 'ia, ma ka hou, kukulu iho la oia ma ka mauna o Athos ekolu nani luakini i loko o ka hanohano o ka Virgin ma na noho, ma ka kahi i keia la e ke aupuni' Vatopedi a me Iviron hoailona, Kaili. Ka mea, i hope luku Julian ka Apostate.

Constantine hoouna mai i ka noho o ka mauna o Athos ma ka Peloponnese Peninsula. Aia o kekahi mana i ka relocation i hope Emperor Pogonate.

"Women i komo!"

'O kēia ka papa kuhikuhiE pāpā, e hana ana ma monastic repubalika 422 makahiki. Ka mea, ua i keia manawa i ke kaikamahine o Emperor Theodosius i makemake e komo i ka hoailona o Vatopedi, akā, ua paniʻia i ka leo, i emanated mai ke Mother o ke Akua. Mai keia wahi ma luna, i wahine ua,ʻaʻole ma luna o ka mauna.

Ma ka VII kenekulia, ma hope o ka naʻi aupuni o Palesetina, o Suria a me Aigupita, ¶ʻO'Araba Nā Poʻe Isalama, ua e haʻalele i ka aina i ka mōneka. Ka hapa nui o ia hoʻoneʻe i ka mauna Athos. Aia oe loaʻa malumalu a me mōneka ka poe i hana ino ia mai iconoclasts i Emperor.

Mai IX kenekulia, ua lilo keia wahi i kekahi o ka mea nui monastic ioauoa o ka hikina. Nā mōneka o ka mauna Athos i loko o ka XVII kaʻeleu loa Ecumenical Aha. I keia manawa Athos mōneka i ekolu ano o ke ola - Skete, kinoviynuyu (coenobitic), he hermit.

Nä möneka initially noho me ka laity akā, i ka IX kenekulia haʻalele i ka Peninsula hala kaʻauhau a me nā kahu hipa. I ka 883, Emperor Basil I kauoha ke kauoha aku i aponoia i ka noho Peninsula na moneka wale. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka Athos (Hemolele Mountain) e ola nei ma na rula i mea ole hoʻololi, mai ai i ko makou manawa.

Athanasia

Kēia kanaka i waiho i nā kumu o ka monasticism ma Athos. St. Athanasius hoʻohanohano,ʻaʻole wale nō ke piety, a me ka hana pono nui, akā, i ka poʻokela hoʻokuhikuhi mākau. Great Lavra ma lalo o kona alakaʻiʻana i lilo i ka ÷ hoailona, e like me kona ano ma hope o kēia ōlaʻi o monasteries i hoʻonohonoho.

Young kānaka, mai nā mea a pau ma luna o ka honua, noho ma ka Athos (mauna), hele aku la i St. Athanasius e ike, makemake e kiʻi uhane alakaʻi. E hele iʻaneʻi a me nā maka'āinana, a me nā 'elele o ka maikaiʻohana. Ma ka hoʻolewa o Sana Athanasius o ka mauna Athos na moneka i hele mai i ka 2500.

The Golden Age o Athos

Kēia manawa pili i ka XIV kenekulia. Hemolele Mountain hoomaka e i ka hua uhane, kona kaulana Kristiano ma ke ao nei.

Athos lilo ka piko hesychast hou. Kēia au i hoʻomohala i nāʻaoʻao: i ka hermit, a cenobitic monasticism.

I keia manawa, aia no na monasteries Ioanna Predtechi a me St. Anne.

Ka hemolele mauna i loko o ka XX kenekulia

Mai 1910 a hiki i ka makahiki 1971, i ka helu ana o mōneka ma luna o ka maunaʻo Athos ua hoʻemi me ka nui loa - mai he umi tausani, a hiki i elua haneri tausani kanaka, a me kā lākou awelika makahiki i hiki i ka 55 makahiki. He nui noiʻi manaoio i ka hopena o ka mauna Athos, ua hāpai nei i ka papahana o ka loli ana o ka hoano wahi i loko o ka nui? Enoneiai oaio me ka iau luna '. Lunakahiko, a me nā ascetics hiki ole loaʻa hahai opiopio, ua i ka make māinoino o ka hoopau ana o ka tausani-makahiki moolelo, haawiia mai, mai ia hanauna aku ia hanauna aku. Nunui monasteries a me ka halepule, ua mehameha, a hoʻomaka i ka palaho.

Akā, Emo ole, a hiki no optimists unexpected hiki - Mount Athos hoomaka ae la e hoola. I keia la, i ka helu ana o mōneka oi ma mua o 1,800 kanaka.

Ke ola o ka monastic repubalika

Ma ka Peninsula, ma ka Athos (mauna), kūkulu iwakalua kahiko monasteries ma luna o ka pali, a ua nui reminiscent o medieval nā pā kaua. ua hahau iho ma ko lakou nani a me ka grandeur kēlā me kēia malihini. Eia hou, ma ka mokuna o ka maunaʻo Athos, he umi monasteries, he nui ka helu o ke keena, pupupu a me Kalyvia hermits.

ʻo Samuel M. ua papa monastic repubalika kumu o hou monasteries. Kona ?? eoi? Ua maheleia i wahi. no kēlā me kēia no ia a hiki i kekahi o na monasteries.

Kēia mahele me ka nānā 'ole wale ma na pono o ka waiwai, akā, i loio i ke kuleana,. Kela a me keia makahiki, 'elele o ka monasteries eha e i ke kānāwai mākaʻi Aupuni o Athos. Kēlā me kēia makahiki, e koho i kekahi 'elele, i ka hapa o ka kiekie hui, o ke aupuni (Hemolele Kinot) monastic repubalika.

Hemolele mauna i loko o kona palapala ano mālama mau kanawai, a me na ola o ka malū. Noho malihini ai i na monasteries a me hermitages hiki i ka hoʻopiha i ka naʻau me ka malamalama a me ka olioli.

monasteries o ka mauna Athos

I kēia lā, he iwakalua monasteries hana ma keia honua. Oiai ke kanawai, aole ia e imply i mahuahua i loko o kā lākou nui, ua 'ae' ia e hana hou monasteries a me nā keena, ina he pono.

Monasteries ma ka mauna Athos okoa hierarchical'ōnaehana e hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka luakini paha i kona waiwai, a me ka degere o ke keiki a me ka manawa kumu.

Ka hoailona o Great Lavra

'O kēia ka mea kahiko hale ma luna o ka maunaʻo Athos. Ua ua i kapaʻia ka Lavra o St. Athanasius. Ke kumu o ka hoailona no a hiki i ka makahiki 963. Ua Ua hoʻonohonoho 'ia ma St. Athanasius. Ka loa waiwai kea laa, o ka hoailona o ka kahiko i kākau i loko i nā inoa o nā mōneka mua, e like me ka pono me puke i loko o ke gula maoli, no ka euanelio, i ka pilikino kea o St. Athanasius.

hoailona o Vatopedi

Keia hoailona kahi kokoke i ke kai. O kona waiwai e e kaulana manawa me icons o ka Virgin, i waena o a nō ka mea kupaianaha Eleotochivaya, ktitorskih pepehi. I na hoailona waihona kekahi ma luna o nā tausani moʻolelo i kākau lima, a oi aku mamua o 35 tausani palapala.

Zograf hoailona

Kekahi kahiko hoailona ma luna o ka maunaʻo Athos. Wahi a ke kaʻao, ka mea, ua hookumuia oia e ekolu Bulgarian hoahanau, kanaka no kaʻohana aliʻi. I ka makahiki 1873, ua kukulu ia he kia hoʻomanaʻo i loko o ka hale o ka hoailona ma luna o ka wahi, alaila, loaa ka make eha 26 mōneka, puhi ola ma ka Latins i ka 1276.

Halepule kamaʻilio. Paul

Mākou hiki ole ke olelo i kekahi mau olelo e pili ana i ka hoailona o St. Paul, i ua aia ma ka hema-hikina o ka mauna Athos. Ma hope o ka Turkish repression i loko o ke kakahiaka nui XIX kenekulia ka mōneka haʻalele i ka hoailona, a hoi mai ia ia me ke kōkua o Lūkini tsars. I na hoailona i kūkuluʻia i loko o ka X kenekulia. Ua Uaʻino wela i ke ahi i loko o 1902.

Halepule kamaʻilio. Panteleimon

Lakou i noho ai i kekahi inoa - "Russika". Heʻikeʻia ma luna o ka mauna o Athos ma ka hoʻomaka o ke XI kenekulia, ka wā 'aneʻi hele mai la ka mua Lūkini mōneka. Ma ka XIX kenekulia, ka mea i oi aku mamua o 1,000 poʻe e noho ana. Ma keia wahi ke akahele waiho waho mana ke kamaʻilio. Panteleimon. Ka waiwai waihona o ka hoailona ola mau tausani moʻolelo i kākau lima, a oi aku mamua o 20,000 Helene, Lūkini a me ka Slavic puke. na monasteries a pau o ka mauna Athos e weliweli waiwai o Byzantine iconography. Nä möneka malama pohihihi keia frescoes a me ka pa i pena, maikai icons a me kea laa. Lakou i wale hoomalu iho, akā, no hoi, e hoonui i ka uhane richness o Orthodoxy.

Ka loa venerated ma luna o ka maunaʻo Athos icons me ke kiʻi o ko kākou Lede i Portaitissa (Vratarnitsa) a me Gerontissa (Staritsa). Ka mea, ke hoomana aku i ka monasteries Iviron hoailona a me Pantocrator. Mount Athos mea e like me ka manawa e ola ana. Ia, aole ia e hoopii i na hoowalewale o ka hewa ola o ka laity.

Ano, ia oe i kahi Athos - Mount pohihihi a me ka maikai. Inā ka manawa aicieeaao, eʻoiaʻiʻo, e kipa i kēia mea kupaianaha wahi.