Alexei Pleshcheev: pilikanaka. 'O nā makahiki o ke ola o ka mea haku mele Pleshcheyev

'O Nikolai Alekseevich Pleshcheev, ka mea nāna e hō'ike pōkole'ia ma ka'atikala, he mea hō'ike mālie ia o ka n intelligentsia o ka seneturi XIX. He ua i ka mea kākau moʻolelo, haku mele, unuhi, ka palapala, ai manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni, kaiapili activist a me ka hoʻokahuli aupuni.

'O ka ho'omaka o ke ala ola

Ua piha'o Pleshcheyev i nā hanana, waiwai nui i nā mea ho'omana'o. Ua hānau'ia kekahi mea kākau ma loko o ka'ohana o ka'ohana kahiko. 'O kēia hanana hau'oli i loa'a i ka ho'omaka'ana o ka ho'oilo o 1825 ma Kostroma. Mai ka makahiki 1826, noho ka'ohana i Nizhny Novgorod, kahi i ho'ohuli'ia ai ka makuakāne o ka mea po'e ma ka'oihana kīwila. Eia na'e, ua make koke ke po'o o ka'ohana, a ua noho ke keiki i ka mālama a kona makuahine.

I ka makahiki 1839, ua ne'e ka mea kākau puke Pleshcheyev i ka wā e noho nei i St. Petersburg. Ma'ane'i, ua ho'oholo'o ia e hā'awi i kona ola i ka'oihana koa a hele e a'o i ke Kula o nā Kahu Lūkini a me Cavalry Junkers. Akā, ma hope o ke a'o'ana ma kahi kula ho'ona'auao no'elua mau makahiki, maopopo i ke kanaka'ōpio'a'ole kēia kona hopena. Ua ha'alele'o ia i kāna a'o'ana a komo i ke Kulanui o St. Petersburg ma ke Kula'o History and Philosophy. 'O ke kumuhana o kāna a'o'ana'o ia nā'ōlelo'Āpana.

'O ka pōpō o ka po'e pilikua o Pleshcheyev i kēia wā ua ākea loa, me kona'ōpiopio. He kama'āina'o ia i nā po'e kaulana kaulana e like me Pletnev, Grigorovich, Krayevsky, Goncharov, Dostoevsky, Saltykov-Shchedrin.

Nā Hana Komohana

Ma ka waenakonu o ka XIX mau haneli i waena o nā po'e'ōpio maika'i i mana'o'ia he kūlana kaulana i ka noho'ana i nā hui kaiaulu, nā'ōpuni, nā po'e. 'A'ole i pale aku ka'ōpiopio Pleshcheyev i nā ka'ao hou. Ua piha ka mo'olelo o ka po'ene i ka'ike e pili ana i kona komo'ana i loko o ia hui, e like me nā mea kipi. 'O nā kuko a pau loa i ke'ano hoihoi a he kūlana kūpono i ka hopena o ka mea haku mele.
No laila, no ka ho'ohālike'ana i ka mana o Beketov, ka mea i mālama i kekahi o nā haumāna, ua hau'oli'o Pleshcheev i ke kula a ha'alele i ke kulanui i ka makahiki 1845, me ka ho'opau'ole'ana i kāna a'o'ana. I kēlā manawa ho'okahi, ho'omaka'o ia e hele i nā hālāwai o ka pō'ai o Petrashevsky. 'O ka'ōpiopio'ōpio i kahi'olu'olu kūikawā i ka pō'ai'o Durov, kahi i loa'a'ole ai ka'oihana politika e like me nā mea e pono ai ka puke.

Ke Kūkulu Creative

Ua ho'omaka'ia nā mele a Pleshcheev e puka mai ma ka puke mai 1844, ma ka mo'olelo'o'Otechestvennye zapiski, Sovremennik, Literaturnaya gazeta, a me The Library for Reading. Ma nā poem e pili ana i ka wā mua o ka ho'ohālike,'ike maopopo'ia ka mana o nā hana a Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov.

'O Poetry Pleshcheyev kumu moti o ke kaumaha, loneliness, romance. I ka hapalua o ke kanahā o ka makahiki, ua piha ka mele a ka poetō i ka ikaika o ka kū'ē, he kāhea e hakakā me ka pono'ole, ka ho'okaumaha'ana. 'O ka'ano kipi o nā poemoe o Pleshcheyev'a'ole i'ike'ia e nā mea pā'ani o kāna kauā a i'ole nā mana.

Nā Makahiki Hou

I ka makahiki 1849, ma Moscow, a me nā po'e freethinkers o Petrashevists, ua hopu'ia'o Pleshcheyev. Ua ho'opihapiha'ia nā mo'olelo o ka poetū me kekahi'ao'ao a'e o ke ola. Ma hope o kona hopu'ia'ana, ua lawe'ia'o ia iā Peter a me Paul Fortress ma St. Petersburg, kahi i ho'opa'a'ia'o ia no kahi o'ewalu mahina. 'O ka lā 22 o Kekemapa ma Semenovskiy e kali ana i ka ho'olimalima'ana, i ka manawa hope loa i pani'ia i ka hana'eha makahiki'ehā, ka nele i nā pono a pau i ka ho'oilina o ke kūlana a me ka pū'ali koa.

Ua ho'ouna'ia'o Pleshcheev i ke kūlanakauhale'o Uralsk, ma kekahi hale o'Orenburg'ē a'e, he mea ma'amau. Mai ka makahiki 1852 i mālama'ia ka lawelawe'ana ma Orenburg, kahi no nā kūikawā kūikawā i ho'oki'eki'e'ia ai i ke kūlana o ka mea i ho'onohonoho'ole'ia, a i ka makahiki 1856 ua ho'iho'i'ia ka māka'i. I ka makahiki 1857 ua ho'iho'i'o Nikolai Alexeyevich Pleshcheyev i ke kūlana o ke ali'i.

Iloko o ka makahiki o ke pio haku mele ua neʻe maila kokoke i na kanaka e kokoke loa ana ia ia, ma ka uhane, e like me Taras Grigorevich Shevchenko, haku mele Mikhailov, Polish revolutionaries. Hiki ke ho'ololi i nā mele a ka haku mele. Ma ka'āpana,'ike'ia ke'ano'oia'i'o, a no ka'ike'ana o kekahi i kekahi mau hi'ohi'ona o ke ola. Ma ka manawa like, ua hānau'ia kekahi poem e pili ana i nā mele aloha. Hā'awi'ia lākou i wahine no Nikolai Alekseevich.

Ma hope o ka loulou

Hiki ke ho'oka'awale'ia nā makahiki o ke ola o ka poet Pleshcheyev i'elua mau manawa - ma mua a ma hope o ka loulou. Ua ho'ohana'ia ka manawa i loko o kahi kūlana ko'iko'i, akā ho'ololi wale i ke'ano o ka mea haku mele, akā,'a'ole'o ia i ho'ololi i nā mana'o holomua.

I ka makahiki 1858, hiki mai'o Pleshcheyev i Petersburg a hui'o ia me Dobrolyubov, Chernyshevsky, Nekrasov. I ka makahiki 1859, ua ne'e'o ia e noho i Moscow. Ma'ane'i, ua komo'o ia i ka hana i kākau'ia. 'O nā māka'i kaulana loa o nā mākaukau Lūkini, e like me Leo Tolstoy, Nikolai Nekrasov, Ivan Turgenev, Pyotr Tchaikovsky a me nā mea kākau'ē a'e, ka po'e haku mele, nā mea ho'okani, nā mea ho'okani pila, i nā papa hana hana a Pleshcheev i ho'omākaukau ai ma kona hale.

Nā hana ho'ona'auao

Ua nui nā makahiki o ka noho'ana o Pleshcheyev i nā hana ho'ona'auao, a he'ano ho'omana'o no nā'oihana. I ka makahiki 1861, me Berg, ua ho'olaha'o ia i ka mea heluhelu i ka puke "Children's book", i ka makahiki 1873, me ka hana hui pū me Alexandrov, kahi hō'ulu'ulu no nā keikikāne e hō'ike ana, kahi i ho'onoho'ia ai nā hana maika'i loa o ka papahana kahiko o Rusia. Ma waho a'e o nā puke i kākau'ia, ma ka ho'olālā'ana o nā kolemu ho'ona'auao a ho'ona'auao'ana o Pleshcheyev ma ka honua. I loko o ka nui, ua ho'omākaukau'ia a ho'omāhuahua'ia nā puke'ehiku.

Ka mea kākau a me ka unuhi'ōlelo

I kēlā mau makahiki o ko Pleshcheyev ola, i ka wā i hana'o ia ma ke'ano he unuhi'ōlelo, ua'ike'ia kona akamai a pau. 'O nā'ōlelo he nui mai ka'ōlelo Pelekānia, Kelemānia, Pelekania, Slavic, i hana'ia e Nikolai Alekseevich, ua mana'o'ia he maika'i loa. I ka manawa pinepine, ua lawe ka mea kākau mo'olelo i nā hana i unuhi'ole'ia i ka'ōlelo Lūkini ma mua. Aia nō ho'i'o Per Pleshcheyev kekahi mau'ike'epekema i nā ka'ao kahiko a me nā'ikehana. Nā Nikolai Alekseevich nō ho'i nā mea heluhelu i kākau, he wahi kūikawā'o ia i kāna'oihana.

Ma loko o kāna hana hana ho'ohālike,'a'ole i ha'alele ka mea kākau i kāna hana ma ka papa. Akā, pono ia'u e'ōlelo aku'a'ole nā'oihana i hana'ia e ia ma mua o nā ku'una e noho ana i kēlā manawa. 'O kekahi o nā mo'olelo a me nā mo'olelo hiki ke kapa'ia he autobiographical.

Ma ka'ōlelo e pili ana i nā makahiki o ke ola o ka mea haku mele Pleshcheyev i piha i nā hanana i ka hanana, nā hālāwai, nā mea aloha, nā makemake,'a'ole hiki iā mākou ke kōkua e'ōlelo aku iā Nikolai Alekseevich i ke ki'i. He mea maika'i'o Pleshcheev. Ua ho'omaopopo a aloha'o ia i nā'oihana pena. Mai ka poi poeti i hele mai i nā pā'ani i ho'onohonoho'ia ma nā papahele o nā mea alaka'i o ka'āina.

Ka ho'oilina pilina

'O Nicolai Alekseyevich Pleshcheev, ka mea nāna e hō'ike wale i ka mahalo o kāna mau pua, waiho i kahi waiwai ho'oilina waiwai.

'O ko Pleshcheyev mau mele a me kāna mau mele i unuhi'ia me ka mele. 'O ia ke kumu i'ike'ole'ia ai e nā po'e haku mele nui e like me Tchaikovsky, Mussorgsky, Cui, Grechaninov, Rachmaninoff. Ua'oi aku ma mua o ho'okahi haneli poetic works of the poet e kau'ia ma luna o ke mele, he mau hō'ailona o ka'oihana. Ma kahi o 13 mau mele a me 30 mau ho'okani ki'i i ho'okomo'ia e Nikolai Alekseevich. Ho'ohui pū'ia kekahi o lākou i loko o ka papahana o nā mea ho'okani'āina.
Ho'opuka'ia nā poemalima o Pleshcheyev ma nā koina. Nui nā po'e, e lilo i ke'ano o ka papa, i loko o ka puke ma ka heluhelu heluhelu.

Ua hala ka ola o Pleshcheyev i ka lā 26 o Kepakemapa, 1893 ma Paris, akā i kanu'ia'o Nikolai Alexeyevich ma Moscou.