Alexei Tolstoy, ke Kawaihae o ka wa e ola ana

Alexei Tolstoy, o kona Kawaihae mea he Classic mamuli o ka ho okumu ana o Lūkini haku mele a me ka mea kākau, i hānauʻia ma ka 1883. Kona makua kāne - helu Tolstoy Nikolay Aleksandrovich, kona makuwahine - Alexandra Leontievna mānoanoa o ia mea-Turgenev. Ka 'ohana e noho ana i ia manawa i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Nikolaevsk Saratov'āina a pau. Helu hoʻonaʻauao mea he uuku Alyosha la ka hale, këia me na kumu e hele mai ana. Nui hopena ma luna o ke keiki a ke aʻo kaʻina hana i hoakaka ia Alexandra Leontievna, he wahine hoʻonaʻauao, a, haohao o loko o ka moʻokalaleo. Ma hope o hoʻoneʻe i ka 'ohana a hiki i Samara, ma Alesha ulu, ka mea hōʻike' ia ma ka maoli kula, kahi i ke kanaka opiopio ia i aʻo i eha piha makahiki.

studentship

Ma hope o pau i ka holo ana o ke kuka nei lakou i ke kula i ka 1901ʻoihana kaua Alexei Tolstoy, nona Kawaihae mea replete me kaʻoi 'ana e haʻalele, neʻe i St. Petersburg. Ma ka'ākau paukü, la oia iloko o ka Institute o Technology i loko o ka me mechanical Oihana. E hoʻomaka ana School coincided me ka mua ka palapala, ai ike maopopo ana o Alexei, alaila, haawi mai koho i ka poetry. kakau iho la He poem hoopuni hooeueuia lakou. Eia naʻe, haʻawina i loko o ke kula, i ole haʻalele iāʻoe manawa, a me ka poetic ho'āʻo Tolstoy hiki ole e maʻamau. Eia hou kekahi, koke hoomaka mea hiki aʻo i loko o nā nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao o ka Baltic mea kanu, manawa versification ua i koe.

Ka hoʻomaka o ka palapala, ai 'ha awina

Aka hoi, i ka 1906, ka mea, i ke paʻi mua o poem Alekseya Tolstogo ma ka liʻiliʻi Nupepa "Volzhsky lau", i i paʻiʻia ma Kazan, a me Alex hoʻoholo i hoʻolaʻaʻia lā iā ia iho i ka moʻokalaleo. Kuka nei lakou i ka Institute ua manawa hele aku ai a hiki i, a ma hope o ka manawa i i ka wā e hiki mai kākau moʻolelo, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, a hiki i ka hopena o ka papa ua nui ole. I ka 1907, ua paʻi i kona puke o poem me ke kuleana "Lyrics". A laila, i ka malamalama ohi ana o poem "Ma ka uliuli muliwai". I ka hookahi makahiki, Aleksey Nikolaevich Tolstoy, kona Kawaihae ua lako oukou i kekahi houʻaoʻao, UOAN i kona lima ma ka Ana Aina, oia kākau "Sorochyi poʻe hoʻokalakupua moʻolelo." A pau o kona mau puke e holomua, koke kuai lilo mai, a ohi maikai nāʻana.

Ka mua successes ma ka Aina,

I ka 1909, he manawa pōkole Kawaihae o Alekseya Tolstogo i koho ma ka olelo hooholo o ka mea kākau moʻolelo hope OIeEOEIeAeEIIe, i kana hana me ka poetry ma ka Ana Aina. He palapala iho la i ka puke "A Week ma Tureneve" i komo mai i loko o ka nui bourgeois Magazine "Apollo". Alaila, paʻi "Rosehip" paʻi i ka ohi mua ana o pōkole moʻolelo. Mai ka hoʻomaka o ke kaua i ka 1914, Alexei Tolstoy lilo i correspondent kaua , a me ka lawelawe ana ma ke alo. Iloko o ke kaua,ʻo ia ka manawa e kipa Palani a meʻEnelani. War makahiki i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i ka waiwai o ka mea Tolstoy hope i hoʻohana ma kana mau hana. I kakahiaka nui 1917, i ka FebruaryʻOiʻenehana i Puzzle e ka mea kākau a me ka hoʻoikaika i ka manaʻo e pili ana i ka Lūkini moku'āina a me kona mōʻaukala manaʻo nui.

Ka pili pono kīvila o ka mea kākau moʻolelo

OctoberʻOiʻenehana Alexei Tolstoy, nona Kawaihae Ua piha o nā 'aoʻao, hōʻikeʻana kālai'āina uncertainties mea kākau hoowahawaha mai. He lau ia me kona ohana wale aku,ʻo ia ke ola i loko o Paris, a laila, i loko o Pelelina. Huki elima makahiki lōʻihi o ke pio. I loko o kēia wā, i palapala mai ai i ka puke "Aelita". I ka 1923, Tolstoy hoi aku la i ka USSR. Makahiki, mai ka makahiki 1925 a hiki i 1927, hele aku no ia ma lalo o ka hoailona o kaʻeleu ka palapala, ai ka hana, i kākau i ka puke ma ka 'ano moʻokalaleo o ka' epekema fiction , "hyperboloid o ka lunaʻenehana Garin" a he nui moʻolelo-kaao, "The Golden Key" hahai na Hawaii a Pinocchio laau kanaka. A laila, Alexei Tolstoy e hele ai, e hana ma ka puke "Ka Road to o Kalevari", a e lawe mai i ka mea kākau moʻolelo Stalin uku. Alexei Tolstoy, kona Kawaihae 'aʻole e hoʻopau' aneʻi, ma ke kēia makahiki, e kākau i ka pau moʻo o na hana, i waena o i o ka puke "Petero ka Nui".