Aniani. Ka makaukau a me ka ana. Aniani Heheʻe wahi

E like me kekahi o ka mea kahiko pono hana, aniani i ua hoʻohanaʻia ke kanaka no na tausani o ka makahiki,ʻaʻole pono kekahi. Ke versatility o keia mea ae ia ia ia e hoʻohana 'ia ma ka likeʻole ma o na hana. Physico-Nine Inch waiwai o ke aniani pili i'okanikaʻole i huiʻia, ia mea paakiki, he he amorphous 'ole mea isotropic.

No kēlā me kēiaʻano o ke aniani manufacturing kaʻina wehewehe aku i ka hoʻololi 'ana i ka moku'āina o aggregation o flowable, hoomaikai (viscosity) i glassy ano. ? Iecaianoaaiiuo enehana hoʻolako anuanu maila ia i ka uku i Aʻole 'ae' ia keʻoni aʻe i loko o ka mahele heheʻe i ka pae crystallization.

Aniani heheʻe ka mahana hilinaʻi nui ma luna o kona mea e like ai me ka manao hana. Nō kāu, imu i wahi ma luna o ka 'ano akea mai ka 300 a hiki i 2500 ° C mahana huahelu. Waiwai o keia waiwai hilinaʻi nui ma luna o nā eiiiiiaiou me ia ma ke aniani-ho okumu i mahele heheʻe i ka. Ka papa He he nui, a ua poe ma keʻano o nā oxides, phosphates, fluorides, a me nā mea hoʻonui. Ma keia Classic, mäliko mea i ka hope hiʻona no keʻano o ke aniani 'ia ma ke' ano a me ka synthesized i loko o ka papa o ka? Iecaianoaaiiuo.

Mai ka loa kahiko aniani akamai, i hana ia ehiku kenekulia BC, halawai mai la me archeologists hoʻoili ma ka hanaʻeliʻana i loko oʻAigupita. O lakou na lei, a komohia auaneʻi. Akā, ma hope o kekahi mau tausani makahiki, a hiki i ka Hekikai o ka mua hanalima mea kanu, aniani nā hale hana o ka umikumamawalu kenekulia. A hiʻona o ke aniani? Iecaianoaaiiuo i ka 'āhewa' ana, he mea ka mahele heheʻe i ka wahi o ke aniani loaa mai ma ka hoʻohana 'ana i lanahu, a no ka hauneneʻe kila ieoaeunoai Hoopaa iho la.

Prior i ka mea hoʻohana i wahie laau, aniani-lōʻihi nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao e noho ana ma ka wahi, hoʻopuehuʻia e punohu ana a me ka wahie i hoʻopau i loko o ka wahi koke. Nā ieoaeunoai, ua hamama, ai ka wahie, aole ia i wehe i waiwai e aloha ia i ka mäliko a me ke kala o ka huahana ia auoiaea. Ke ana wela i loko o ke aniani mahele heheʻe i ka kaʻina hana o ka 'ano hiki 1450 ° C.

An nui hanana i ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole ma ke kakahiaka nui XX kenekulia ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o palahalaha aniani iaoia, i kapaʻia ma hope o kona mea haku polokalamu Emilya Furko, ka mea i manaoia he ala i ka mīkini hewa. Ua like paha i kahi a 1959, ka mea a ua piʻi aʻela ma ka lana hana, hoʻomohalaʻia e ka poʻe "Pilkington".

I ka papa kuhikuhiE eiiiiiaiou o kaʻike mau aniani o ka silica i ke one ma ka lākiō o 69-74%, soda (12-16%), limestone a me ka dolomite (5-12%). Akā, i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka? Iecaianoaaiiuo mea nui,ʻaʻole wale i ka mahana i i aniani ka heheʻe akā, i, hoʻonāwaliwali lākou anuanu kōmi. Theoretically, ma luna o kokololio anuanu maila 'hiki ke loaa vitreous a me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia, i ka papa kuhikuhiE manawa e hoomaalili i ka mahele heheʻe i ka i ke aniani puka olu oia i ho okumu.

Ka wā a pauʻano o ka uʻi waiwai o kaʻike mau aniani i ka manawa, he mea i ka manaʻo pono no ka oi mau nō a me ka Lightweight aniani moakaka mea. Mua o nā mea a pau, ka mea i hoʻopā aku i ka hana, hana kūikawā ana ma ka mokulele no? Ieoaeunoaa. Plexiglas la kona inoa wale nō ma luna o ka superficial ano i ke kahiko aniani.

Kona hopena ia'ku i ka Elima oʻu hahau ana ma luna, ka mea hiki ia 2,5 manawa. E like me ka mea hiki i ka nui ana o ka malamalama EYI o 92%, ka mea, i ke kiʻekiʻe ia'ku i ka poe oo hoi. Nui maʻalahi a oi affordable plexiglass i loko o ka aaioee. Heheʻe wahi plexiglass mea i loko o 90-105 degere, a leie aku ia ia e wela lapaau ana.

Akā, 'elua o kēia mau mea i lawe i na niche i loko o ke kēia wahiʻoihana. Traditional'okanikaʻole aniani paa paʻa kona kulana a me ka ua ole ana e lawe i ka hope ke aloha polymers.

E ho ohana i ka palahalaha pae o kekahi mau impurities a me ka mea hoʻonui 'oi aku ka kahaha ko oukou naau, aole wale i ka'ōnohi ano o ke aniani, akā, no hoi me ka nui loa hoʻoikaika' ana i kona me mechanical waiwai.

Ma waho aʻeo ia hanalima palapala noi, he mea hiki ole i ka nana i ka kūlana o oe aniani. E ke Kumu glassmakers, mau no ka mooolelo o na Artists kahiko e kāinoa masterpieces i ke aniani i loko o ka oe oiaio. I kā lākou nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao umu aniani heheʻe ka mahana ua i hiki aku ai, e hana ana i aneane lima i loko o kona hana ole wale hana ka mea, hōʻike kamahaʻo manaʻo, akā, i pana aku au i ka'āina nō o physical hana.