Antinociceptive kanaka'ōnaehana e ho'ēmi i ka eha

Antinociceptive nenoaiu o ke kanaka kino ua maopopo delimited nā aʻalolo 'ole ke aupuni' ia ma nā mea a pau wahi, a ma nā wahi a pau o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu. Ko lakou hui pu mea heʻano o ka luna kiʻekiʻe o ka K'lauea neurochemical i na mea kaua, me ka hiki ke wehe 'ia e functionality eha hale i loko o ka nociceptive nenoaiu.

Hana antinociceptive kahua

I ka wā o ka'ōnaehana ua noi antipain IeAUPIIe, IAa IO opiotergicheskaya hooponopono ana puni. He ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o opioid receptors a me ligands-opioids. Uao antinociceptive'ōnaehana hiki uhi discomfort unbearable ka waiʻona ma ma ia wahi pae. Mahalo i ka hana ana i keʻano papa hana o ka eha a me ka discomfort i ole lilo i ka predominant manao i loko o kekahi kanaka o ka ola. ʻO ka wā o ka eha mai, e komo pū kekahi hana naʻaupō hehee wale antinociceptive'ōnaehana i loko o ka 'oihana i' oe ke haha aku i loko o na minute o ka eha hee, e kakali. 'O kēia ka papa kuhikuhi hana o keia aiiayʻano papa hana i loko o ke kino o kekahi kanaka.

Meaning o narcotic painkillers i keia la

Ka ukupanee ma Narcotic ai ', ma ke ala, i hanau i ka antinociceptive nenoaiu. Ke physiology o ke kanaka kino pono ua hōʻolokeʻaʻia i ka manao o ka ai 'ma ka lapaau: ka mea, e hoʻohana i ka mana anesthetic lāʻau i ke kōkua lanakila i ka eha antinociceptive'ōnaehana a hana kona pani.

I ka lā, ai '- ke ala wale i ka hoʻokō symptomatic lapaʻau o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi' aʻai. Ua hiki e ho'āpono aku i ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka lāʻau, e lawe i ka mooolelo o ko lakou analgesic hopena. Naʻe, ka mea hiki ke huli a pau i ike ia ka papa kuhikuhiE keakea o kēia mau ai 'e pono, mentally eii? Kanaka i loko o kekahi kalele iho oiaʻike piʻi unearthly ka eha a me ka paha i pau ai kona' oihana prematurely.

Oko ao ma waena o nociceptive a me ka antinociceptive nenoai

Antinociceptive'ōnaehana o ka determinant o ka eha, a hoʻohiki hoʻokahi haneri pakeneka eha pokole. E noonoo pono i keia makahiki, i ka likeʻole ma waena o kēia manaʻo, a me ka manawa "sensory'ōnaehana" hiki ke ho'ākāka 'wale. No ka loaa apau o "ka manaʻo", 'ole. E. Penei wā mea kālailai hiki wale ke kapa i ka apana nahaha kaawale o ka mīkiniʻimi'ōnaehana, ka nociceptive a me ka antinociceptive'ōnaehana cumulatively ko ole e ka determinant, a me ka hoʻoponopono' somaticʻano huikau kahua.

No ka maopopo i ka mea a kēia 'o ia hoʻi, ka mea i pono, e haawi aku i kumu hoohalike. Hou i ike i ka mea pohihihi keia hihia o ka nele o ke aloha eha i loko o kānaka, Ua innate. Ia manawa, i ka papa kuhikuhiE nociceptive ala ka mea, hana maʻamau, oa. E. paleʻano papa hana hana eha hope.

E like me he meaʻeha, a he ola kŰia?

Ma ka 70 la makahiki o ka hope ke kenekulia, noiʻi i hope i hanaʻia i ka manao e pili ana i keia aoao o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana like lolo antinociceptive kahua. I ia manawa, ua hiki ke hookupaa i kona Loaʻaʻia hoʻokau 'o ka eha excitation, overvoltage Kāohi nā hale nociceptive oihanaʻepekema. Mahuahua ae hookaawale nociceptiveʻeleu ke peleki pāʻana'ōnaehana hoʻonāukiukiʻana mai o kēia kaʻina antipain hehee wale.

Hoopii o kaʻeha ke hana wale ia ma lalo loa 'ole ma ke kino antinociceptive'ōnaehana hiki ole ke uhi pū no ka mea, o ka aoao o extraneous aʻe. Hoemiia wāwahi kuleana pili i ka fraught me ka overexcitation nociceptive'ōnaehana a me ka hookonokono ana unforeseen unexpected eha o psychogenic ano i loko o ka loa maʻamau 'ole-mai nā loko.

Analgesic nenoaiu o ke kino 'ole

E noonoo pono i ka manaʻo o ka antinociception (antinociceptive'ōnaehana), oe e hoʻolohe i kona kanaka eiiiiiaiou. Iwaena o lakou, mua o nā mea a pau e pono ke kūʻai 'ana i kumumanaʻo na kumu o ka dorsal midbrain a me ka medulla (oho mea, i ka nucleus o ka reticular kahua , a me ka raphe nucleus, gelatinous ke keʻena o ka spinal kaula).

Mahalo iā ia, ma laila mea i ke kumu o wahi eha. Kanaka ekolu pohaku i ka naʻau ka eha i ka wa e nana ana i nociceptive excitation koko amenable i ka inhibition. Kēia papa e pili ana i ka iho eha ana. O ka papa kuhikuhi hana 'ona i loko o ka ke peleki pāʻana hana Kanawai opioids a me kekahi hormones, e like me serotonin. Pololei, e kapa aku ia lakou modulators, no ka mea, hoololi i ka palapala kulana Finite neurons, oiai e hele ana ma ko lakou ala e hiki aku i pīhoihoi ai.

Neurotransmitters a receptors ma ka eha antitsitseptivnoy kahua

I ka papa kuhikuhiE a predetermining neurons analgesic nenoai i ka poe aia ma ka oho mea o ka midbrain. Nui a Mānoa iʻaneʻi a me axons, i mea e ala ana i ka hypothalamus a me nā maomeka o ka haʻalele cerebral hemisphere. Ka mea i komo i loko o ke ku ala e hiki aku ai i ka spinal kaula. Uao o kēia mau neurons ua noʻonoʻo pentapeptides, i nā enkephalins subspecies. pono loaa Oia uao i loko o ka palapala o ka'amino nāʻakika methionine, a me ka leucine.

mea hiki i ka kŘpa a pōkole manawa, e hoʻomaka a pau o ka opiate receptors Enkephalins. I ka opiatergicheskih synapses, mau receptors i aiaʻano nui ma luna o kaʻili lahilahi, i hāpai mai i ka hana o ka "cushion" postsynaptic. 'Aʻole komo i loko o nā synapses e ola, ana i kaʻili lahilahi pono e anao? Aou uao alakai makapo ke koikoi excitation mai i kekahi neuron i kekahi.

Endogenous antinociceptive'ōnaehana i ke ano opioid receptors, i mea increasingly metabotropic. Ka mea, i kekahi manawa me ka bioregulator ma o na la inhibition o adenylate cyclase ma ka intracellular iaia pili. Ke no o ka mea ma luna a pau o na kanaka haunaele iloko o ka hoʻololi kemikala antipain nenoaiu. Ma waho pathological ka ho'ēmiʻana o ke kalipuna i loko o ke kanaka kino loaʻa ke kumu uao o ka eha, 'ole. E. ke kino hoʻomaka e paka ia ma luna o lākou iho. Ka loa e like me ka uao o ka eha i:

• waiwai P;
• cholecystokinin;
• somatostatin;
• glutamicʻakika.

Hypothalamus a me ka haʻalele hemisphere o ka lolo - activators o ka hana

Ma ka 'ole o ka'ōnaehana ka lolouila antipain analgesic hypothalamic hale, a me ka somatosensory cortex o ka haʻalele cerebral hemisphere. Ke immensity o ko lākou inhibitory hookoia ma nociceptive maomeka kanaka ua loaʻa ma:

• inhibition o lalo iho hopena ma luna o neurons o ka spinal ke kaula;
• ala ke peleki pāʻana kanawai ma na neurons o ka thalamus;
• ka ho'ā 'ia paha' ole ma luna o ka luna-i oleloia nenoaiu o ka luna-ihoʻana mai o nā nā paleki.

Disengagement o kaʻeha i loko o ke kino

Nociceptive a antinociceptive nenoai o ke kino i loko o pili ōhumu. I ka la mahope produces endogenous opioid eiiiiiaiou, a ma ka mea o ka lāʻau i loko o.

O nā endorphins, dynorphin, a no laila, ma luna o. D. ka peculiarity o ka Nine Inch haku mele 'ana i poe puaa maʻakika'amino kaʻina, e like moku kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma i i i i ka'amino nāʻakika.

Ke kūlana o ka 'ole-opioid a me ka opioid peptides

I ka mea eʻoi aʻe helu o neurons i nā antinociceptive nenoaiu kekahi receptors ke aupuni 'ana i ia mau' ona. No ka laʻana, ma ka hui 'ana me opioid receptors pinepine akaka ma mahope ke peleki pāʻana ana o kanaka neurons. Ma keia hihia, nociceptive eha'ōnaehana i inhibited, a me ka eha kokoke, aole i pane koke. Eia ke ano o ka poe liilii, neurons analgesic'ōnaehana o ka iaʻi o ka EYI a me ka hāʻawi 'ana o ka eha mahope excitation kaula a hāʻule pahū wale.

Ke hoʻokonukonu kaʻina hana o ka muli o ka eha komo ai,ʻaʻole wale nō opioid peptides. Ole-opioid peptides (e laʻa me, neurotensin) i pili i ka hope loa bolevospriyatie kanaka. Ala aʻela ia mai kaʻano o nā kumu, ke eha ke inhibit noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin a me nā catecholamines.

Pehea i keʻano papa hana o ka suppression o ka eha?

Antinociceptive hana o ke kino'ōnaehana hiki e kekahi mau aoao:

1. Keʻano papa hana o ka manaʻo 'ana. Aia He He naoh o ke ola stimulus, ma o na la synaptic excitation i loko o ka'ōnaehana o e iho mai ana inhibitory ana. I loko o ka hope pepeiaohao o ka spinalʻaha i keia manawa hiki ke ike ke kaupalenaʻana afferent nociceptive stimulation. Ma ka papa kuhikuhiE hapa o ka analgesia i kēiaʻano papa hana. A hiki i ka suppression o ka eha ka poʻe hana mau ola stimulus.
2. Keʻano papa hana o ka hana a pōkole. Omaka i ka hypothalamus, ke komo pū i ka wawahi hooponopono'ōnaehana io na 'ano o ka dorsal midbrain a me ka medulla. E haʻalele i keʻano papa hana no ke kaupalenaʻana i ka excitation o ka eha i ka pae ana o na stressors spinal a me kekahi manawa lolo pono.
3. Keʻano papa hana o ka lōʻihi hana. I ka papa kuhikuhiE oaio? I aia i loko o ka hypothalamus, ua ho'ā 'ia paha i mau eha. Updraft ola excitation ua pū i hiki ai i nā wahi a pau o ka mea ma lalo ana. Ma ka nociceptive'ōnaehana hoʻohuiʻia nā mea naʻau coloration o ka eha. Oia i manaʻo i loko o ka hapanui hihia mea ole ka Pahuhopu.
4. Tonicʻano papa hana. Ma muli o ia i kona mau haʻawina antinociceptive'ōnaehana kākoʻo-oaio? A orbital, a frontal like o ka cerebral cortex. Ka mea, i ke aupuni 'o ka frontal lobe, ma ke kua o na maka. Activity nociceptive 'ole lako pono ai ka ikaika ke peleki pāʻana kanawai. Ma ke ala, i kēia kaʻina hiki ke ike, a me ka piha kaawale o ka eha.

He aha ka eha?

Antsinotsitseptivnaya nenoaiu o ke kino, e kū i ka 'ole o ka cerebral cortex, e hoʻomākaukau no ka mālama'-morbid hookoia kōkua, a laila, lawe i ka stimulus o ka eha a me ka emi ana o kaʻawaʻawa loa, ke koikoi ka waiʻona ma ke.

Mai a pau o ka luna, e hiki ke kikoo aku i ka poe noonoo ole ka hopena i ka nui a me ke ano maoli o kaʻeha hoʻoholo ma mua hiʻona o ka functioning o ka mau nenoai: nociceptive a me ka antinociceptive. Mua - ka eha, ka lua - antipain. Na Kekahi Mau 'o ko lākou AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN hoʻoholo i ke' ano o ka eha ua hoano e ia e ke kanaka. Kaʻeha e e okoa, like penei:

• Hyperalgesia - moku'āina ka wā mahuahua pā lonoaʻili i kaʻeha, heʻilihune no a hiki e kekahi kiʻekiʻe manaʻo pīhoihoi'ōnaehana nociceptive a antinociceptive haʻahaʻa excitation nenoaiu.
• Hypoalgesia - He moku'āina ma ka hoemi pā lonoaʻili i kaʻeha mai ana i ke ku pono ia: eha antinociceptive'ōnaehana mahuahua, a hoemi nociceptive kahua excitation.

He mau rula hiki i ka maikaʻi hopena ma luna o ke kino, a me ka mea pili kēia hilinaʻi ma luna o ka paepae o ka eha. Kēia waiwai ho ka pili-kūpaʻa hoʻoneʻe ke keʻena, E oko a me nā hiʻona o ka eha a me ka analgesic nenoai. A me ka antinociceptive a ua hana i ka hoʻokahi 'ole nociceptive eha eiiieaen, i wale kona oihana mua.

He aha Hoʻoweliweli 'o ia i ka hana ino i ke kanaka?

He oiaio, ua huikau sensory bolevospriyatiya'ōnaehana pono no ke kanaka e malama i ke kino a me kona wahi ma ka manao pono. A, i kēia mau nenoai Launch kāna hana (ka eha, a me ka antipain) pili i ke kanaka ke ola negatively. I ka huʻi pōkole paha maʻiʻeha ka waiʻona ma ke, ke penei ia lŘlŘ:

1. hiamoe ka haunaele.
2. Ka nele o ka moe makemake.
3. Irritability, inattention.
4. Ke emi ma Hawaii hope.
5. Kaumaha, naau psycho-mea naʻau moku'āina.

Hoopii o ka eha - make

, Piliʻeha hiki 'ūlōlohi hanu, i kekahi manawa, e hooki ia loa, oiai he nawaliwali kāʻei kua eha ke aloha ia kona hoʻonui. I loa ka eha maoli he naau ana, mahuahua ke koko, i olelo hooweliweli aku i ka ulu ana o kaʻike ākea vascular spasm.

Mua, ke ili i kona maka, akā, pōkole-makahiki eha dilated moku koko mea, flushing ia. Hoemiia secretion o tuha, gastric wai, a me ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o na pancreas, intestinal peristalsis i pau ka moni, a pinepine hiki aku ai i anuria. Ka hooulu ana o ka ola kŰia ka wā loa ka eha, Ua fraught me ka ona hopena.