Kawaihae no Solzhenitsyn: Ua i ka Gulag

"Ka Gulag pae", "One Day ma ka Ivana Denisovicha" ... mau ao-kaulana hana o Alexander Solzhenitsyn hana. Kawaihae (pōkole), i kēia mea kākau e e kūkā mai ma lalo nei.

Alexander Solzhenitsyn: Life Ala

I ka wā e hiki mai kākau moʻolelo Ua hānauʻia ma luna o Dekemaba 11, 1918 ma Kislovodsk. I loko nō o ka mea i kona mau makua i hele mai, mai na kauwa, ka mea, he hoʻonaʻauao 'ana i ka pono. Naʻe, i ka makuwahine o Solzhenitsyn ka wahine kāne make, a hiki mua o kona hanau ana. E hānai i kana keiki, ua lilo iho la ia i ka typist.

I ka 1938, Aleksandr Isaevich hoomaka këia ma Rostov Kulanui ma ke kālaikūlohea a me ka makemakika kumu. I ka 1941, oia kauoha aku no hoi oia, e hoʻopau i ka hoalauna ana oihana o ke kula,. Kawaihae Solzhenitsyn hōʻike i Aleksandr Isaevich hele me ka hoʻomaka o ka Great Patriotic Kaua i loko o ke kaua.

I ka makahiki 1945, ua hopu G. A. Solzhenitsyn tactical counterintelligence, me kekahi o kana mau palapala NKVD loaʻa noʻonoʻo loi o Stalin. E like me ka hopena, Aleksandr Isaevich i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i 8 makahiki ma ka hale paʻahao, a hoʻokuewa wale 'ia i loko o Siberia. He Ua rehabilitated wale i ka 1957

Kawaihae Solzhenitsyn hai mai ai ia i ka 1974 oia i hou hopu, i hoopiiia no kipi, a deported i Germany. Mau makahiki ma hope, hoʻoneʻe i Amerika i ka mea kākau moʻolelo - no hoi ia ia i komo i loko o ka palapala, ai ka hana.

I ka 90-ies ma Rusia hoʻi kekahi emigrants. Kekahi o ia ua Alexander Solzhenitsyn, nona ka pōkole Kawaihae hākālia nō ia mea, hoi aku la i kona'āina wale nō i loko o 1994, o ka lehulehu a me ka palapala, ai 'aayoaeuiinoe o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, hele aku ia a hiki i ka lā hope - make iho la ia i ka 2008.

Kawaihae no Solzhenitsyn:ʻike hoʻokumu

I ka 1962, Khrushchev ae i ka puke o ka puke "One Day ma ka Ivana Denisovicha." Ka inoa huahana Ua hoolilo ia Stalin ka poe hoomoana. A laila, e like me nā moʻolelo i paʻiʻia me "Matryona" a me "No ka pono o ka hihia."

Ma hope o 5 makahiki, ka mea kākau i hoouna ai i ka Ahaolelo o ka Union o kākau o ka hamama palapala i kapaʻia no ka hopena e censorship. E like me ka hopena o kana hana banned. Aka hoi, e like novels me "Cancer Ward" a me "Ka First Circle", haawi ma samizdat, a hele mai la a hiki ma ke Komohana.

I ka 1970, he mua pio o ka Gulag i hookoia ma ke kahua o ka moʻokalaleo Nobel uku. Akā, i ka 1973 o ka KGB confiscated ka puke hana o "Ka Gulag pae '", a wehewehe i ka hookupu wahi hoʻomoana, a me nā halepaahao puehu liilii ma ka USSR. E like me ka 'ikepili helu, ka mea nui ka mea heluhelu i ka hoihoi i loko o Solzhenitsyn i loko o ka 1988-1993 makahiki. A laila, i paʻiʻia kona mau hana aneane he miliona kope.

Kawaihae Solzhenitsyn memo i ka makakū kākau moʻolelo i kapa ano o ka moʻolelo me ka unahiʻole o ka pilikia, i pono me ka ÷ o ka mōʻaukala hanana ma ka prism o ka pokole loa kekahi mau huapalapala i kekahi i kekahi. He pinepine hoʻohana Mea Paipala allusions a me symbolism o ka haku mele 'ana. Ma keia hihia, no ka mea kākau o ka kulana mea,ʻaʻole mau maopopo i olelo ia, e aho Solzhenitsyn UOAN e waiho i kekahi clash o kū'ē viewpoints. Eia hou, i kona mau hana i kūlana Documentary. Ma oiaio, ka hapanui o nā huapalapala o Solzhenitsyn ka hana i maoli prototypes, a ka mea kākau moʻolelo i kino ike mau.