Lubarta Castle, Lutsk: ka wehewehe, ka mo'olelo, nā'ike a me nā mea hoihoi

'O ka hale o Lubart ka hō'ailona nui o ke kūlanakauhale'o Lutsk, e hō'ike ana i ka mana o ka Volyn'āina. 'O kēia kekahi o ka mea kahiko, a nui loa i mau pāpū ma loko o Ukraine, a ninoaaeyao ka mua wahi i loko o ka pane lākiō o "7 na mea kupanaha o Ukraine". Ua hoʻolaha he hoihoi 'mōʻaukala, kupaianaha kuhikuhipuʻuone, kupaianaha kumupaʻa, he nunui ohi o kahiko bele, naita kahua kolepa a me ka mea' ē aʻe. A ua ho'olālā'ia ka pākaua i ka hanohano o ka hō'ike'ia'ana ma kahi bila kānāwai 200-hryvnia.

Ka hale o Lubart: mo'olelo

I kēia lā,'ekolu inoa: Lutsky (Upper common), Upper (no ka mea ua hala kekahi hapalua ma Lutsk - Lower) a me Lubart.

Ua ho'okumu'ia ka hale kākela e Rurik ma ka kenekulia 11. I loko o nā mo'olelo, ua'ōlelo mua'ia'o ia i 1075, i ka wā i pale ai ka pākaua i ka ho'opuni'ana i nā koa o Boleslaw ka Brave, a he mau mahina'eono ia. I ka wā mua, he wahi lā'au li'ili'i ka li'ili'i. Aia ma kahi mokupuni i ho'opuni'ia e nā'auwai. 'O kēlā kūlana kūlana maika'i i hā'awi aku i ka lanakila i nā pū'ali i nā kaua me nā po'e ho'one'e. I ka manawa mai 1340 a hiki i 1350,'o Lyubart Gediminovich (hūnōna kāne o Prince of Galicia-Volyn Prince Andrey II Yurevich) i noho ali'i ma ka moku Volyn, ua kūkulu hou'ia ka pākaua i brick. 'O nā paia hou i kūkulu'ia ma luna o ka'elemakule,'o ia ka mea i ho'onui'ia ai ke'ano o ke kūkulu'ana. Eia kekahi, ma kahi o ka hale kākela i ho'onui i ka'ilikai, a kūkulu'ia i kahi lawai'a kūikawā. A no ka hele'ana i loko o ka pūnāwai, ua hana'ia kekahi alahaka ala nui.

I ka pau'ana o ke kenekulia'umikumamāhā, ua ho'okau'ia'o Prince Vytautas, a'o ia ka mea i hana i ke kapikala hema o ke ali'i Lithuanian mai Lutsk. Ma lalo iho ona, ua ulu ka kūlanakauhale a lilo i kikowaena politika, ho'omalu a me ka'oihana ho'omalu o Volhynia, a ua loa'a i ka hale kākela o Lubart i kēlā papahana a hiki i kēia lā. I loko o ka hale ali'i nui o ka hale kākela i ka makahiki 1429, ua ho'okū'ia e ka'aha'ōlelo o nā mō'ī Pākehā. Ua'ōlelo'o ia i ka hihia no ka pale'ana i'Europa mai nā'enemi o'Ottoman a me nā hihia'ē a'e'ē a'e. I ka hala'ana o Vitovt, ua lilo ke kamāli'ikāne i kaikaina iā Svidrigailo, i ka manawa i pa'a ai ka perestroika. 'O ia ke kumu i kapa'ia ai ka hale o nā ali'i'ekolu.

Ke kū'ē'ana i ka ho'opi'i

He mea kupaianaha, akā e ho'omau ana ka hale o Lubart i Lutsk i ka maika'i,'oiai'oiai i loko o kona lō'ihi lō'ihi, ua ho'omau'ia he kaua nui. Ma hope o Boleslaw ke koa laau Detinets i ka 1149 ho'āʻo e hopu i ka Rostov-Suzdal a me Kiev Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, a me ka pololei o ka makahiki ma hope, e hoʻopaʻa aku iā i ka pā manao Kalikia luna Vladimir Vladimirovich. 'Elima mau makahiki ma hope mai, hele pū kona kaikaina'o Yaroslav Vladimirovich me ka pahuhopu ho'okahi. I ka makahiki 1005, i ka 1255, ua kū'ē ka'īlio o Horde Hure o Kurems i ka hale o Lutsk. 'A'ole'o ia ka mea hope loa nāna i ho'ā'o e wāwahi i nā mea lā'au.

Ma hope o ke kūkulu hou'ia'ana o ka hale kākela, ua ho'ā'o'ia nā pā pōhaku e lanakila ma luna o nā mō'ī Polani: Kazimir i ka makahiki 1349 a me Jagiello i ka makahiki 1431, a me ka mō'ī Lithuania Sigismund i 1436.

'O ka mo'olelo o ka pale'ana i ka hale kākela mai ka Mō'ī Jagiello

I ka wā i ho'ā'o ai ka mō'ī Polani e hopu iā Volhynia a lawe aku i ka hale o Lubart e ho'opuni ai ma hope o nā ho'oili kaua nui, ua pale ka pā kaua i ka ho'ouka kaua a palekana i ke kū'oko'a o ka'āina. Wahi a ka mo'olelo,'a'ole wale i ka hilina'i o ka pu'ukaua ka mea i kōkua i nā mea pale e lanakila, akā,'o kā lākou'ike pono'ī. Ma hope o ka ho'opuni lō'ihi a me ka ikaika, i ka wā i hala ai ka pākaua, ua ho'oholo ka po'e o ka'āina e ho'opuka i nā kino make o nā holoholona i nā Pole. Ma lalo o ka pehi'ana i nā holoholona make, ua ho'i hou nā Pole.

Ma hope mai, ho'ohana'ia ka pā

Lutsk hale käkela o Westminster, a me kona loio, ua hiki ia lakou ke ku imua o ke kaua o ka Tatars. I ka makahiki 1569, i ka manawa i ho'ohui'ia ai ka Ljubljana Union a ua ho'okumu'ia ka Rzeczpospolita, ua lilo ka hale kākela i hale noho ali'i. Ma ka makahiki XVII ua ho'omaka ka pūkaua e lilo i kona mau mana pale. Ma kēia manawa i loko o ka hale kākela: aia nā pā hale, kahi noho o ka pīhopa, ka hale mele, nā hale ho'olālā waiwai. Ma nā'āina o nā Upper a me nā Kuleana Hasele he mau Latin a me nā Kāpena Orthodox, a hiki i ka hō'ulu'ulu'ana i ka gentry o nā'ōlelo'aha'aina'elua. A he mana ko ka 'Aha Ho'okolokolo Lutsk ma Volmynia wale nō, akā, ma luna o kekahi mau' ōlelo'ē a'e.

Mai ka waena o ke kenekulia XIX ua ho'omaka ka hā'ule'ana o ka pā'ani. A i ka makahiki 1863, ua ho'oholo nā luna e ho'oka'awale a kū'ai lilo aku iā ia he mea hale. 'O ka hale puka puka a me ka paia e pili ana "hele i lalo o ke hama" no 373 rubles. 'O ka pōmaika'i,'a'ole i loa'a i ka hale pa'awa ka manawa e kū'ai aku ai, no ka mea i ka makahiki 1864 ua hana ka Kiev papa hana i ka wāwahi'ia o ke kahua. Akā, e kali ana'o Lower Castle i kahi hopena kaumaha loa.

I ka makahiki 1870, ho'oholo ihola ka hui ahi i ka hale kākela, kūkulu'ia kekahi hale kia'i ma luna o ka hale'o Vladyka, kahi i mālama'ia ai ke kūlanakauhale. I ka makahiki 1918, he hale ho'okipa kauwela me kahi pāpale lā'au a ua kūkulu'ia ka hale ma ka'āina o ka Hale Ali'i. Ua hō'ike'ia ka mea i kapa'ia'o "nā ki'i ola", i ia manawa i mana'o'ia he'ano o ke'ano. No laila ua'ike'ia kekahi o nā kinai mua o Lutsk.

I kēia lā, ka hale kākela o Lubart, a ma ka hale Lutsk paha, he hale hō'ike'ike mō'aukala a me ka monument'āina.

Nā hale kia'i

'O ka ho'oikaika'ana i ka pu'ukaua he'ano ia o kahi triangle hewa'ole, ma kēlā me kēia kihi o ka hale he mau hale kia'i:'O ka malihini, Vladycha, Styrovaya. Mai ke komohana mai, aia he hale kia'i puka, e ho'okipa'ia e nānā i ke kūlanakauhale mai ka maka o ka manu. 'O nā mea i'ike'ia o ka hale kia'i ke hō'ike nei i nā mea i'ike'ia. Eia kekahi la'ana, ma ka'ao'ao nui ma luna o ka puka komo nui,'elua mau'ākau. Ma mua, ua loa'a iā lākou nā'ano, i hiki ke ki'i'ia mai kahi alahaka ala, kahi i ho'onoho'ia ma luna o ka moat. I kēia lā, pa'a'ia nā paepae, a ma kahi o ke alahaka, ua kūkulu'ia ka puka komo.

Aia ma loko o ka hale kia'i he'elua anuu lō'ihi. Aia ma ka hale kia'i he mau papahele, aia ma luna o kēlā me kēia o lākou kahi hō'ike o nā ki'i kahiko a me nā ki'i i ho'ola'a'ia no kēia hale kākela, a me nā palapala kahiko o ka moku Volyn. Ma ka papahele ki'eki'e - he hō'ike o nā mea hana kahiko, nā kī, nā huele a me nā mea'ē a'e. Aia nō ho'i ka Vladyka Tower i nā hō'ike i ho'ola'a'ia i ke kūlanakauhale a me kahi pa'a.

Kahi o ka pepehi

Ma mua o ka puka o ka puka ma ka pā, aia nā pū i ho'ohana'ia no ka ho'opuni'ana a me ka pale'ana, a me nā lako'ē a'e i mālama'ia mai ka wā o ka wā. I ke kenekulia 16, aia kahi wahi mua ma kēia kahua kahi i luku'ia ai nā kānaka, ma ke'ano o ke ka'ina, ma o ka'oki'ana i ke po'o.

Nā hale'ē a'e

Ma ka'āina o ka pā kaua, he mau hale pa'ahao, he hale ali'i ki'eki'e, kahi waihona waiwai a he hale o nā moku haole. Ua malama pono'ia ka Halepule'o St. John theologian,'o ia ka hale Karistiano mua ma Lutsk. Ua'ōlelo lākou aia ma kahi kahi i kanu'ia ai'o Prince Lubart.

Ma kahi kokoke i ke koena o ka luakini, aia kahi hō'ike o ka tile kahiko a me nā pōhaku'ula. Maanei hiki iā'oe ke'ike i ka baila o nā'ano like'ole a me nā manawa. Ma kekahi mau hua'ōlelo he mau palapala kahiko. I loko o ka pā e'ike'oe i ke koena o nā hale lā'au a me nā mea hana kahiko.

Ke kaulana nei ho'i ka hale'o Lubart no ka hō'ili'ili nui o nā mele kahiko ('o ia wale nō ma Ukraine), ka hale ho'olima pa'i a me ka hō'ili'ili'ana i nā mea kaua.

Nā mea kākau ma nā paia

I ka manawa o ka hale pa'ahao, ua waiho nā kānaka i ka nui o nā kākau ma kona'ao'ao'ao'ao. 'O ka'oia'i'o, ua uhi'ia nā pā a pau ma waena o nā hale kia'i i nā hua like'ole. 'O ka hapa nui o nā inoa a me nā lā. 'O ka papa mua loa ma ka paia o ka paia i ka 1444. 'O nā mea kākau i loko o nā'ano loea, nā'ano o ka unuhi'ana a me ke calligraphy. Aia i loko o lākou he mo'olelo no nā kānaka kaulana, e like me nā kaikuahine'o Lesya Ukrainka,'o Olga Kosach, mai ka makahiki 1891.

Ka Hopena

Ma'ane'i, ua hālāwai mākou a me ke'ano makamae nani a nani loa o ka'āina'Amelika Komohana, e like me ka hale kākela o Lubart. Loa'a'o Lutsk i kāna mau malihini me nā wahi'ē a'e he nui aku,'o ia ho'i, ma ke ala, nā hale o ka hale ki'eki'e o Lower Castle. 'O ka hale kākela o Lubart e kakali ana i nā huaka'i hele i kēlā me kēia lā mai 10:00 a 18:00. 'O ka helu komo wale nō he 10 UAH (e pili ana i 25 Russian rubles) no kahi kanaka makua a me 2 UAH (e pili ana i 5 mau rubles) no kahi keiki. 'O ka po'e makemake e kipa i ka hale kia'i a ho'olohe i ka huaka'i, pono'oe e uku 50 UAH (i loko o 130 mau'āpana.). E hele mai i Lutsk a ho'opā aku i nā mo'olelo kahiko o ka makahiki kahiko me kou lima pono'ī!