Nā noi a me ka ulupaia: examples. Aʻulupāʻia i loko o ka luna 'olelo

punctuation kaha pāʻani i ka nui kūlana ma ka Lūkini 'ōlelo. Ua pū kaulana F. Buslaev, e hoike ana i ka mea, he hoʻonui i ka mōakaaka o ka manaʻo. A pau i ike i ka hopuna'ōlelo, mai ka poʻe hoʻokalakupua kaao "malama he umi kumamalua": "e ai, Blogs". Kēia mea he maopopo mamuli o pehea punctuation ke hoʻololi i ka ano o ka olelo.

Punctuation formatted kikokikona, mea mau i ka hakaka. He oi loa paʻakikī staging i pākī iho i loko o ka hāpai 'ana, nā hemahema hoi a me ka eiiieaena. Kēia Ua wehewehe ma polysemy a me ka likeʻole oihana o ka punctuation mark. Eia hou kekahi, ma kekahi hihia, ka mea, ua hōʻike 'ia me ka semicolon.

Ke kūlana o ka pākī iho i loko o keia manawa,

Russian grammar i hookaawale a pau punctuation ma ho opa, e hoʻokēʻai a me ka mahele ana. Eia hou, ka mea hiki e Singles a me na kaʻawale.

Hookaawale ana ulupaia mea ma waena o ke kumuhana, a predicate,ʻaʻahu lala a me nā hua'ōlelo generalizing ma na mea pohihihi, a ma waena o māhele o ka luna ': conjunctionless, i kekahi manawa, me ka hoao ana e pili ana. Ku mai e like me ka mea mau hoʻohana i ka hoailona me ka palapala noi hamama, a me ka hookomo mau manao. Kekahi (hou) hana o ka pākī - kokoke ana ma ka palapala e kaumaha ana i ka pololei a me ka lehelehe hohonu,ʻano. Pela i kekahi ke hoakaka i ke kaʻina o nā hana i loko o ka hoʻomanaʻo o keia punctuation mark: E hoʻomanaʻo i ka rula, a hoakaka i ke kūlana o ka pākī iho i loko o ka olelo. Ua kokoke e kōkua e kākau ka noonoo a me ka pale aku punctuation hewa.

ʻulupā nō ma waena o kumuhana a me ka predicate

Ka loa kaulana-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo nui manaoia punctuation - ma ka grammar hoʻokumu paʻaʻana. Kona kūlana ma keia hihia dala i ke kūapoʻana i ka nalowale kekahi hapa o ka predicate, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO palena iki. Nolaila ulupa hoonoho iho kumu o keia hihia. Ka olelo "malalo e ulupa verb" E hoʻopili like me kekahi o nā manaʻo:

• noun - noun (nā loko o ka nominative hihia): "Siberia - i ka nui a me ka waiwai māhele o Rusia";
• infinitive - infinitive: "Learning - noke hana";
• noun - infinitive a infinitive - noun: "E hana maikai - i ka pono kānāwai o ke ola ana o kanaka";
• numeral - ka numeral 'Five-eono - kanakolu ".

Prior i keia olelo, ka mea hoʻi i keia ua mau i ka ulupaia: ". Kōkua i nā kūpuna - he hoailona o ka maikai? Aneii" Kekahi e hiki hihia: infinitive - adverb me ke ano (a me ka hua'ōlelo huli) moku'āina, akā wale ina he mea kekahi Logical mokuāhana ma waena o ke kumuhana, a predicate: ", au e i ike i na rula o ka aoao o ke alanui - pilikia no ke ola"

Turo hoʻokali kūpono '

Ua E hoi pono e, e ike i ka wā i punctuation hoailona ma waena o ke kumuhana, a predicate ua ole ia. Ma na hoopii, pinepine aeia punctuation hewa i mea ole mau wehewehe ma ka mea ka palaleha. Eia i na rula enshrined Lūkini grammar:

• kumuhana - ka pilikino pronoun, verb - noun;
• ma waena o ka papa kuhikuhiE lala kaheaia palena iki hapa o ka olelo, me ka hoʻohana 'io huna ole paha uniona kālepa, me he mea, e like, LIKE e like;
• verb - adjective, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO i ka mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku palapala.

Eia nō ka mea hiki no keia manawa, me ka dashes - examples o kā lākou hoʻohana ma o ka'ōlelo: "E makou i kekahi kanaka me ka boundless ikehu," "Young playboy mea,ʻaʻole he laʻana e hahai", "ua like me ke ahi kona mau maka", "ke keiki Ua hilahila, a ua hilahila".

Mākou E hoi nana i na kēia mau koho (ʻaʻole i mea like pinepine): "Ka Countess i ka kūpuna kanaka" - ma mua o ka predicate noun, ua haawiia ia ia i kekahi haumāna lālā; "Lovely kanaka, keia lawaiʻa" - hahana (.. Ie, i ka nana e hoole hua'ōlelo mea).

ʻOiai ka mea, e kaulana e ia i pākī iho o ke kahua ma ka'ōlelo o kēia 'ano ua aeia'ku ia ma na hana o ke akamai. I ka mea kākau o ka hana ma keia hihia - e kālele ana i ka mea heluhelu i ka noonoo ana i na loina i oleloia malalo paha predicate.

Aʻulupāʻia i loko o ka mea hoʻopaʻi, syntactically a semantically kāpili

Muli o kona kulana pinepine, loa i loko o ka 'ōlelo olelo, a pono e hoopaa ia ma ke kākau' ana, 'oe e halawai me na hihia o ke koa wiwoʻole predicate (' ole nā haumāna lālā). Meaning ka mea, aole ia i ae aku, akā, i ka manao hana ia pilikia. Kēia mea he laʻana o ka kāpili manaʻoi hāpai 'ia, i loko o i ka nalowale hoa (IeAUPIIe, IAa IO verb) mea redundant. Nā kumu i e like penei:

• He hiki wawe ka hoihoi hou ia mai ka pōʻaiapili ( "mua e like ai, me ka lua - iʻa, no laila mākou hoʻoholo ihola e kali kakou ia kakou iho i salads");
• me ka syntactic parallelism ( "Here - koʻu a pau no ka ulu lāʻau - koʻu, no ka mahinaʻai - i koʻu");
• i loko o nā hale, kahi a he mea mau ka haʻiinoa - ka mua i loko o ka dative, o ka lua ma ka accusative ( "kaikuahine - pēpē kIʻi kaikaina - mīkini").

Punctuation manao o homogeneous mau lala

Aia i kekahi hihia o hoonoho iho la i pākī iho i loko o ka mea olelo. Ua pili i hoonoho iho la i ka hope punctuation hoailona ma ka homogeneous hua'ōlelo, ma kekahi mau heluʻai hiki ke hōʻike 'ia nō hoʻi.

1. Pahele lālā - generalized hua'ōlelo ( "Daisies, cornflowers, bele - hihiu pua nana maikaʻi i loko o ka vase").
2. Generalized hua'ōlelo: homogeneous hua'ōlelo - ... ( "Classmates: Vitali, Jura, Sergey - koke hiki i ka hoʻopakele").
3. Ma ka paena hele i ka lua o ka hapa o ka waʻa kuikahi e kuhikuhi ana homogeneous hua'ōlelo ( "ka Haku,ʻaʻole wale ikaika i loaa i ka hoa - a hiki i ka ihu ma ke alanui meaʻai hinai haawi aku la ia").
4. Ka wā ma waena o homogeneous lala hoʻokumu ana o ke kū'ē'ē 'ole me ka haohao ( "ka mea ku ole i ka' upu ', ia ia aole i hoomakauia'ku - ua olioli ka nūhou").

Ka hoʻokuʻu 'i hōʻailona ma luna o ke noi

Turo hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia ma o ka mea'ōlelo, a me nā aku haʻalele'. Keia kaawale ana o ke noi a ke koho o ka hoʻokomo o a me ka polokalamu mākaʻikaʻi manao. I kekahi manawa ma ia mau wahi, i hiki ia i ke auou caiaiai me ka comma. Akā, aia no na hihia a pau ma ka ulupaia - ka wale e hiki punctuation. Not ia e kuhihewa ma kona hoike, e hoomanao i ka i manaoia rula.

Eia nō i ka loa e like me ka hāpai 'ana i ka ulupaia: Kahiāuli Ho'ā examples o noi.

1. Mamua o ka mea i hiki ke waiho i ka olelo ia penei: "Na nā malihini hoomakaukau i ka ono ka 'aina awakea - hoolapalapa i ka iʻa i paʻa a me ka hou nō hoʻi Appetizers."
2. Ua he wehewehe ano: "E hele mai a hiki i ka lanai o ka mea nona - nō lāʻoliʻoli elemakule kanaka - loa scrutinized ka unexpected hoa alo."
3. Ke mail app koina mua wā hua'ōlelo: "My mea hua - strawberries no Dessert, kena ae la olioli o nā mea a pau i noho ma ka papaaina."
4. Hāʻawi i kekahi o ka homogeneous hua'ōlelo: "I ke ahiahi hele mai la a pau: he kūpunaʻanakē, hoahanau - ke keiki o ka make nei makuakane, ekolu mau hoahānau ma kaʻaoʻao o kona makuwahine."
5. Aʻulupāʻia hoʻokaʻawale mau homogeneous palapala noi i ho'ākāka 'ia ma o nā hua'ōlelo: "Otlichnitsa me ka papa mua, heʻeleu aku i komo i loko o nā hana kula, ke kākoʻo, a me ka poo o ke kime - Marina hiki ole komo' ana i loko o ka mai ana mai Holiday."

Ka hoʻokuʻu 'hoailona ka wā wehe a me ka hookomo mau manao

ʻO nā noi o keia ano keia ano hiki e commas, brackets, dashes. Pehea ole ia e kekahi hewa i loko o koho i ka makemake punctuation mark? Ka hāpai 'ana i wehewehe aku e ka pākī iho?

Ano he kumu hoʻohālike ka hōʻikeʻana i kēia luawai punctuation nui ka hōʻike i ka puka 'ole:

• Hohola ae la oia: "Little Shop malihini, a - e like me ka mea i aloha pumehana,ʻike, a me ka launa nā kaua, a me nā kākau o - inspirers o hou manaʻo, he mau hookipa ana";
• hoolilo aku hoi i ka manaʻo o ka mea kākau (i loko o keia hihia oe e kekahi exclamation wahi a ka ninau hoailona mua o ka pākī): "The a pau polokalamu - pehea e oe i makemake ia? - ua, ua makaukau, e like me ka hopena i loko o ka lokomaikai o kekahi kanaka ".

I ka wa e koho i ka polokalamu mākaʻikaʻi no ka manao e like hoʻohana dashes a me parentheses.

Complex keia manawa, a me ka coordinative a me ka subordinate pilina

Ma na hoopii, dashes, e like me ka rula, mea i ka papa kuhikuhiE punctuation hoailona, a hiki ke hoʻohana kahi o ka comma. Oia ka hope o ku pono i ka mea e kālele ana ma ka 'ōlelo e huli' ole he huihui 'ana o ia mea i loko o ka manaʻo, ka kūikawā manao o ka intonation hopuna'ōlelo.

Eia nā examples o kūpono ulupaia posing i loko o ka luna 'olelo me ka hoao ana e pili ana.

1. Pilina contrasting a me ka haohao i loko o ka MTP (slozhnosochinennogo) "hele i ka lōʻihi mauu i ka wai - a ia hiki maʻalahi lana ma luna o nāʻale kahawai".
2. Kekahi a elua o ka SSP - denominative'ōlelo: "A minute - a me ka mea nāna iʻaihue ua pono ma mua o kona."
3. Ka SPP (hui), ina he pono ma mua o ka papa kuhikuhiE paranasal izjasnitelnyh, concessive a me ka conditional: "! Inā i ko makou wa e kaawale aku kekahi kikeke - mai i wehe i ka puka"
4. Recurring predicate verb ua hōʻike pū 'ana i loko o kekahi a oi mau māhele o ka luna''ōlelo: "kekahi manaʻo i ia mau donations e e lawa, ae - i ka huina i keia manawa pono e e mahuahua."
5. Ka SPPʻaʻahu subordination o ka paranasal aia ma ka hoʻomaka: ". Aha hiki mai ma hope o kona haʻalele, no ke aha la kaikuahine wehe i ka puka i ka malihini - ka pane i kēia mau nīnau,ʻo ia i loaʻa kekahi"

Aʻulupāʻia i loko o ka luna 'lelo me asyndetic loulou

Russian grammar Ua maopopo Ho'ākāka 'i ke kahua o ka punctuation i loko o ka BSP. I ka papa kuhikuhiE mea, e imi mai no ka - ma ka pono, e kau aku i ka poe pio maloko semantic hoahanau. ʻulupā nō ma waena o pohihihi (predicative māhele) BSP kau ma luna o kekahi mau wā.

Ma ka mea mua hapa - ka PAaIEN o ka manawa a me ke ano o ka hana 'ana, "heluhelu i ka buke a hiki i ka hopena - e hele ma luna o ke Galilaia." Oia i haawi hiki wale redesign i ka NGN.

Ka lua o ka hapa:

• Ua pili ia i ka hoopoina koke ana o loli o nā hanana a me unexpected result: "Ka puka wehe - leo i ka paʻipaʻi";
• kue ai i ka mea mua (= A): "ke aho lōʻihi manawa - ole a pau maaweawe hele";
• kuhikuhi mai la lakou i kaʻilihune a me ka hopena (= ¶ A LAILA, ¶ I): "au Laki e hele mai hoʻi iʻaneʻi - koke mai a pau e e poina";
• It maupaʻa hoʻohālikelikeʻia (= me he mea la e like): "glyanet sidelong - ahi kuni i ka mea";
• hui me ka olelo i ka mea, e like keia: "He umi lā ma hope, e hāʻule nā mea a pau i loko o wahi - manao hooluoluia a hooeueu ae la i ka manaolana i kēia."

Penei, keia manawa, a me dashes (na examples mākou i hāʻawi aku ai i loko o ka 'atikala) me ka ike ana o na rula, e,ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia.