Na wai i alii iho la oia ma hope o Peter 1? Rusia ma hope o Peter 1

I ka moolelo o Rusia ka waiwai i loko o kekahi mau hana hoopilikia wale, kela mea keia mea o ka i i waiho kona hoailona ma ka aina. Kekahi o ka loa a me ka uku hana nui nui hoʻopaʻapaʻa ua lilo ka noho alii ana o Peter I ka Nui, ka mea i puka 'o ia ma ka pili ana i ka ulia ka make ana o ka Emperor January 25, 1725.

Rusia me ka ke alii? Na wai i alii iho la oia ma hope o Peter 1

Ekolu makahiki ma mua o ka make ana o ka autocrat ua, e hoopuka aku i kekahi olelo paa, a hoʻololi i ka mua na mea o ka succession a hiki i ka nohoalii: manawa o ka hooilina i i lilo i ke keikikane, a me ke keiki, ka mea a kona makua kāne i pono, e noho ia i kekahi wahi no ka mahaloʻia. Keia olelo hooholo i aie i ka mea i ke keiki a ke alii, kekahi ikehu hoʻoilina no ka noho aliʻi Tsarevich Aleksey, i hoopiiia no e hoʻohālua, e kona makua kāne iho, a me ka hopena, hoahewaiaʻe e make ia. I ka 1718, make iho la ke alii i loko o nā paia o ka pā kaua.

Eia naʻe, ma mua o kona make ana, i ole i Peter I manawa, e koho i ka hou ke alii, e waiho ana i ke aupuni, ka hooulu ana o ka i i i nui ke kākoʻo 'ana, me ke alii.

E like me ka hopena, ua koho ka mea e hiki mai ana mau makahiki ma ka lehulehu hale coups, i ka manao o ka a ua, e hopu mana. No ka mea, ua ole kūhelu hoonoho hooilina ke aikane, e noho ma luna o ka noho aliʻi ho'āʻo e hooiaio mai i ka mea pono keia pono.

Ke coup mua, lawe mai ma na kiai wahine o Peter I - ma ka hanau Marty Skavronskoy, popularly ike like Ekaterina Alekseevna Mihaylova (Ana I) - lawe mai i ka mana mua ma ka mōʻaukala o Lūkini wahine.

Kākoʻo enthroned wā e hiki mai Empress a pau-Russian ÷ ino o ka hopena o ke aliʻi, Prince Alexander Danilovich Menshikov, ka mea i lilo i ka de Na facto luna o ka moku'āina.

Rusia ma hope o Peter 1 - he kupaianaha milestone ma ka honua mōʻaukala. Ke kanana 'mea a me ka hahau, a ua hapa wehewehe aku i ka noho alii ana o ka Emperor, ua manawa lilo kona mua ikaika.

Ana I: owai la ia?

March Skavronskaya (e Empress ka inoa) i hele mai, mai ka ohana o Baltic kauwa. Ua Ua hanau April 5, 1684. Kakahiaka nalowale nā makua, ua nui mai i loko o ka ohana o ka Kalawina kahu hipa.

Iloko o ka Great Northern War (ma waena o Kuekene a me Rusia), i ka 1702, ma March, pu me ka mea'ē aʻe e noho ana ma ka pā Marienburg i pio e Lūkini kaua, a laila, i loko o ka hana o ka Prince Menshikov. Aia he mau wale nō o pehea keia hanaia.

Kekahi mana mai nei i loko o March lilo i ka haku wahine o ka Kauna Sheremetyev - luna o ka Lūkini kaua. Ua ike aku la Prince Alexander Danilovich - punahele o Petra Velikogo - a lawe lanakila ana o kona mana, i ke kaikamahine i kona hale.

E like me ka hiki i kekahi mana, Marta lilo i ka mālama 'ana i poe kauwa Colonel Baur, kahi o kona mau maka, a waiho iho Menshikov, a lawe aku la i kona hale. A eia ka mea i hoʻomaopopoʻoleʻia e iho o Petero I.

Rapprochement me Peter I

Iloko o 9 makahiki Mareta i ka haku wahine o ke alii. I ka 1704, hanau mai la ia i kana keiki mua - keiki a Petero, a laila, i ka lua o ke keikikane - Paul. Naʻe, i nā keiki kāneʻelua i make.

I ka ho okumu ana o ka wā e hiki mai empress i ke kaikuwahine o Peter I - Natalia A., Martha aʻo i ka heluhelu, a kākau. A ma ka 1705, ua bapetizoia ma ka Orthodox kaikamahine o Mihaylovoy Ekateriny Alekseevny. Ma Ana kaikamahine o Peter I 1708 a me ka 1709 makahiki i hānau - Anna a me Elizabeth (ma hope i ka noho aliʻi ma lalo o ka inoa o Elizabeth).

Eia hoi i ka 1712 o ka ekalesia o St. John Dalmitskogo i ka ahaaina mare o Peter I - Ana lilo i piha lālā o kaʻohana aliʻi. 1724 Ua kaha maha ma ka hālāwai poni Marty Skavronskoy i loko o ka mea mahuʻi Hale Pule Nui ma Moscow. Ua loaa i ka pāpale aliʻi, mai ka lima mai o ka Auguseto.

Wai a me ka wā o nā rula o Rusia

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o Peter 1 Rusia hoopau ai i ke hoʻomaopopo i ka mea a ka mea lawe i ka aina me ke aliʻi ikaika. No ka lanakila Prince Menshikov i ka lokomaikaʻi o ke aliʻi, a ma hope kōkua Ana I ku ma ke poo o ka moku'āina, i ka ninau o ka mea nana i rula ma hope o Peter 1, i ka pololei pane mea - Prince Alexander Danilovich, 'Imi komo i loko o ke ola ana o ka aina, a lawe i nā hoʻoholo loa nui. Naʻe, i ka noho alii ana o ka Empress, hoʻowahāwahā ka ikaika kākoʻo, i ole mau loa - a May 1727.

ʻOiaiʻo ia ma luna o ka noho aliʻi o Ana I, nui ka kūlana ma ke kulekele o Rusia ma ia manawa pâʻani i ka Aha ka Aha Kukamalu, e kau i mua o ka piʻiʻana aʻe i ka noho aliʻi o Empress. Ua komo ia kūlana, a koʻikoʻi nō i loko o ka Russian aupuni a pau ma ia manawa kanaka e like Prince Alexander Menshikov (ke poo o ke kino), Dmitry Golitsyn, Fyodor Apraksin, Peter Tolstoy.

Ma mua o ka noho alii ana o Ana i hoemi au auhau, a kala aku na pio he nui ma luna o ka loulou, a hoopaa. Kena ae la i 'ano like nā loli i Ua ka makau o ka haunaele, no ka puka ana kala, a invariably e alakai i ka eha ma ka naau i waena o nā kānaka.

Eia hou, ka mea, ua hōʻoki aku ai lawe mai Hoʻololi 'nā mea hoʻololi e Petero:

• he emi koʻikoʻi kūlana i loko o ke ola pili aupuni o ke aupuni, hoomaka ae la e pāʻani i ka Senate;

• na kiaaina i UAIAaIN e kūloko luna;

• A kūikawā Komisina, haku o na luna, a me nā pūkaua nui i ua hoʻonohonoho 'ia no ka hana o ka poʻe hao wale.

HOU Ana I. wahi lulu, a kuwaho

No ka mea ka mea e rula ma hope o Peter 1 (Ua haawiia i kana wahine), ka mea, ua paʻakikī loa e pepehi i ke aliʻi-reformer i loko o ka multifaceted kulekele. Mai na HOU waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ka hanaia'na o ka Academy o Sciences a me ka hoʻolālā o ka huakaʻi, i alakaʻiʻia e kaʻImi Loa kaulana Vitus Bering Kamchatka.

Ma kuwaho i mau, Ana I hoopaa i ka manao o kana kane: iho la kākoʻo i ke koi ana o Holstein Duke Karla Fridriha (hele mai i kana keiki i ke kanawai) i Schleswig. Ua alakaʻi i hoka ai launa me Pelekāne a me Denmark. Ka hopena ua he confrontation ma waena o Rusia ka ka piʻiʻana i ka Vienna Union (i komo Spain, Prussia a me Austria) i ka 1726.

Rusia loaa nui ole ma hope o Peter 1 ma Kurland. Ka mea, ua ai nui i Prince Menshikov? Oaony e ia ma ke poʻo o ka duchy, akā, ua hōʻike i nā lauana makani eha ma ka naau e pili ana ia.

Mahalo i ka kuwaho o Ana I a me Alexander Danilovich (i ka mea nana i alii iho la oia Rusia ma hope o ka make ana o Peter 1 ma ka mea), i ke aupuni a ke hopu i ka Shirvan māhele 'āina (ua loaʻa concessions ma keia kahe mai Peresia a me Tureke). Nō hoʻi, mahalo ia Prince Raguzinsky, ka pili aloha me China i hookupaaiaʻi.

I ka pau ana o ka noho alii ana o Empress

Ana I, mana i hele mai i ka hoopau i loko o May 1727, ka wā o ka Empress make i loko o ka 44th makahiki o ke ola mai ka akemāmā maʻi. Ka mea, a kanu aku la i loko o ka pā kaua.

Ma mua o kona make ana, Ana i makemake e e i kona kaikamahine i ka Empress Elizabeth, nae, hookahi manawa hou ia i hoʻolohe i Menshikov, a i koho hooilina a me ka moopuna o ke alii o Rusia - Peter II Alexeyevich, ka mea ma ka manawa o ka piʻiʻana a hiki i ka noho aliʻi, he 11 makahiki.

Kahu aupuni i kekahi mea'ē aʻe ma mua o Prince Alexander Danilovich (keia mea hookahi manawa hou proves, ka mea i alii iho la oia ma hope o Peter 1 ma Rusia). Menshikov koke mare i ke Puhi iho i ke aliʻi a me kāna kaikamahine Maria, pela no hoi e hooikaika ana i ka aoao o ka courtly a me ka lehulehu ola.

Naʻe, i ka mana o ka Prince Alexander Danilovich i ole mau loa ana ma hope o ka make ana o Emperor Peter II , kona mea i hoopiiiaʻi o ke kipi, a make iho la i loko o ke pio.

Rusia ma hope o Petra Velikogo - keia mea he ihola ia okoa ana, ma ka mua wahi mea ole mai mihi a me ka hou ', a me ka paio no ka noho aliʻi, a me ko lākou aʻo nō e ho'āʻo i ka superiority o kekahi papa no na mea e ae.