Dendrites - He aha ka keia? 'Ole a me ka papa dendridov

Ko mākou hopohopo'aʻaʻa haku o neurons a me glia, hanaʻia i ka moʻo o ka loa a me ka luna 'nui oihana: e kī ana maule pou impulses, a i laila, i hiki ai i na nāʻiʻo a me nā loko o ke kanaka a me vertebrate holoholona. Ke keena o keia'aʻaʻa mea o kūikawā 'ole. Ua hoʻolako nā ka hanana o ke excitation a me ka inhibition, a me kā lākou mau manaʻo. I neuroscience i ka kēia ho'ākāka 'ana: dendrites - ia keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ke aʻalolo aeee e ike nei, a ke hoʻouna i' ike i ka neuron kino. Ma keia pepa, e makaikai i mākouʻikena manaʻo e pili ana i ka EYI maomeka o nā aʻalolo impulses i loko o ka nui loa o ka ua'emi'ōnaehana: o ka lolo a me ka spinal kaula, e like me hoʻopaʻa haʻawina me ka 'ole o ka dendrite, e like me kekahi o na eiiiiiaiou o neurocytes.

No keia ke noonoo i ka oi au mamuli nui neuron hale, ka mea, o ke kumu o ka mokuna o ko mākou hopohopo'aʻaʻa.

Like neurocyte 'ole pili me kona oihana

Huina'ine microscopic noiʻi ki ina hana like i hoopaa i ka loa a me ka hana kūikawā Ka Uluwehi O Ke manaʻo hamama liluwelo'ōnaehana i kapaʻia nā aʻalolo aeea. Ua maupaʻa He kino (soma), kekahi lala loa - a me ka ai iiiaanoaa o pōkole axon omaka ae. Kēlā me kēia no ia ua pili i ka cytoplasm o ka halepaahao kino. Kēia dendrite. Ke 'ole a me ka nānā aku i ka hoʻopiha o pōkole keʻano o ka hanaʻana reminiscent o ka lei o ka laau. E like me na la i ke kino o ka neuron ma ka synapse loaa bioelectric Loaʻaʻia mai nā aʻalolo keena.

Morphology a me nā ano

E like me ke kālā no noiʻi histology, dendrites - ka manamana ai hopena neurocyte ole waleʻae, akā, no hoi, e hoʻouna i ike encoded i loko o ka palapala o ka pou impulses, i loko o ka nunui-Kanal'ōnaehana mea anatomically a functionally interconnected nā aʻalolo keena. Ka mea, aia no iloko olaila nui dala o ke kumuʻiʻo-synthesizing organelles - ribosomes. Kekahi mau 'ano o ka pōkole keʻano o ka hanaʻana, e like me pyramidal neurocytes, uhi ma kūikawā hale - spines.

E like me ka Mea Maluna i manaoia e na Sepania neurohistology S. Ramon Y Cajal, elua dendrite i deviate mai ke aʻalolo aeea kino i loko o ke alo oʻaoʻao (bipolar neurocytes). Inā he hailona o dendrites, ka mea, diverge mai ka soma radially. Kēia 'ole He ano o interneurons. Ma ka cerebellar Purkinje keena mai o ke kino appendages neurocyte i loko o ka palapala o ke kānana. Kēlā me kēia dendrite, nona ka ekolu-dimensional 'ole mea okoa, mai ke kokoke lala o ka nui o ka uila kauoha hoʻonui ma luna o laila.

I mea e loli ai nā aʻalolo ai manamana ai keʻano o ka hanaʻana

Ke kino o ka neuron mea he ao pū i hiki a me ka loaa ana i ka mea ia manawa ke liluwelo mea. Volume (ka oi aku e hoʻopā aiʻikepili) mea pololei hapaʻauhau i ka helu ana i hoʻopā ai nā aʻalolo impulses. Ka mea i hoʻoholo 'ia e ka degere o ka ai manamana ai o ka dendritic laau. Nolaila, dendrites - ia neurocyte nā hale e pâʻani integrative kuleana pili i.

A, na keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka hoʻonui i ka papa wahi ma waena o ke aʻalolo aeea. Additional ia synapse ho okumu i nā manawa kūpono no ka ka hoʻokōʻana o nā oihana like me ka lolo a me ka spinal kaula, a me ko mākou hopohopo nenoaia me ka a pau.

Ka 'ole o ka dendrite

Ma këia microscopic hoomakaukau o nā aʻalolo keena, ua loaʻa ia no ka hapanui o keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ka paukūʻolokaʻa shape. Lākou awelike anawaena o 0,9 micron. dendrite lōʻihi loli aʻe kaiāulu. No ka laʻana, stellate neurons o ka oho mea o ka cerebral cortex e pōkole (ole aku ma mua o 200 microns) dendritic laau lala, no ka mea hoi Hawaii neuron keʻano o ka hanaʻana me ia ma ka mua pepeiaohao o ka spinal kaula, no ka mea o ka 2 mm o.

Ka hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā - spines i hanaʻia ma luna o neurocytes lala alakai i ka helu nui o synapses - slotted noho hoʻokaʻaʻike me ka axon, dendrite a soma o kekahi neuron. Synapses Hiki ke kai piha ma luna o ke kino o ka dendrite i kapaia anei i 'ole' ana ma luna o kona spines. E like me ka makou i ike ai mamua, dendrites - ka lala appendages neurocytes mea hiki ke loaa stimulation. EYI kekahi e kaili ia wahi i loko o kēia mau biopotentials ka hoʻohana hakakino Nine Inch i huiʻia - uao, e like me acetylcholine, a me Gaba. I kaʻili lahilahi e uhi ana i ka dendrite ia akulla 'ion auwai a, selectively permeable kalipuna cations, paʻakai, a potasiuma komo i loko o ka hooholo ia ana o nā aʻalolo impulses ma ka neuron.

E like me ka 'ike mai i loko o nā aʻalolo keena

Ma EYI o ka uila hoopii hp'pnphp ka stimulation a me ka inhibition, a me ka axon a me dendrites komo. Ka mea, keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ka neuron, a kuahene synapses a me nā lālā o ka laau dendritic o neurocytes. Empirically i loaʻa i dendrites mau outgrowths o ka halepaahao cytoplasm,ʻili lahilahi kapa komo iā ia. I ka mea, ma laila e nāwaliwali uila impulses - hanaʻia.

Mahalo i ka pōkole keʻano o ka hanaʻana i kekahi aʻalolo aeea hookipa mai a? Aaeaao mau tausani lāʻau ikiʻai wale ua loaʻa synapses. Kēia mea,ʻaʻole ka mea wale hana o dendrites. Ka mea, i ke kō a me ka hui pu iho i ka 'ike e hele mai ana i loko o neurons, i hoakaka hooponopono a me ka hooponopono ana i hana ia e ka ua'emi'ōnaehana a pau na nā loko a me nā'aʻaʻa o ke kanaka kino.